Lecture 5.2

Question 1

Interaction between organisms and their environment

Answer 1

Ecology

Question 2

groups of populations that are interacting

Answer 2

Community

Question 3

the living together of two or more different kinds of organisms, more or less permanently

Answer 3

Symbiosis

Question 4

when one individual is neutral about the interaction and one benefits

Answer 4

Commensalism

Question 5

The plant example of commensalism mentioned in lecture

Answer 5

Epifights: fungus growing on another plant

Question 6

A living arrangement in which an organism lives on or in an organism of a different species and derives nutrients from it.

Answer 6

Parasitism

Question 7

Plant example of parasitism mentioned in lecture

Answer 7

Mistletoe grows naturally as a plant parasite

Question 8

when two organisms benefit each other

Answer 8

Mutualism

Question 9

What is the mutualistic relationship of pea plants and nitrogen fixing bacteria

Answer 9

The pea plant gets a bunch of nitrogen and the bacterium gets a place to live and some sugars.

Question 10

a species of special importance in a community. Ex) Beavers influence is huge on where they live

Answer 10

Keystone species

Question 11

Interaction between organisms for a limited but required resource

Answer 11

Competition

Question 12

a form of competition in which individuals of different species compete for the same resource in an ecosystem

Answer 12

Interspecific

Question 13

Competition between organisms of the same species

Answer 13

Intraspecific competition

Question 14

an organisms functional role in a community

Answer 14

Niche

Question 15

the entire niche of the organisms, everything it could potentially do

Answer 15

Fundamental niche

Question 16

the actual niche with competitors etc, present

Answer 16

realized niche

Question 17

Barnacles on a rock, in some locations there are more than one species present. If just one is present then it can flourish, if both are present then it can only grow it some of the space
This is an example of

Answer 17

Fundamental vs realized niche

Question 18

Only one species can occupy a particular niche at one time. If two species are present one will go extinct

Answer 18

Gause’s Principle

Question 19

Explain Gause’s principle and the New England Warblers

Answer 19

In New England trees there were 5 species of Warbler living together. He found that each species had its own niche
Each species lived in different sections of the tree. This did not contradict Gause

Question 20

refers to the phenomenon where differences among similar species whose distributions overlap geographically are accentuated in regions where the species co-occur, but are minimized or lost where the species’ distributions do not overlap. This pattern results from evolutionary change driven by competition among species for a limited resource (e.g. food).

Answer 20

Character displacement

Question 21

The killing and eating of one organism by a second organism

Answer 21

Predator/prey relationship