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Anatomy > Lecture 5--shoulder Arthrology > Flashcards

Lecture 5--shoulder Arthrology Flashcards

0
Q

Is the only articulation between the upper limb and axial skeleton

A

Sc joint

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1
Q

Movements of the shoulder include what joints

A

Ac joint
Sc joint
Scapulothoracic joint–muscular attachment at the scapula and clavicle to the axial skeleton. It’s a physiological joint not anatomical.
GH joint

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2
Q

The sc joint is a ___ joint

A

Saddle

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3
Q

What are the ligaments of the sc joint

A

Inter clavicular ligament,
costoclavicular ligament
Anterior and posterior sternal clavicular ligament

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4
Q

Where the jugular notch sits is the ____. It’s where the superior aspect of the sternal end of one clavicle meets with the superior aspect of the sternal end of the other.

A

Interclavicular ligament

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5
Q

The Interclavicular ligament strengthens the capsule of the joints ____

A

Superiorly

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6
Q

____ restrains anterior/posterior movement of the sc joint.

A

Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments.

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7
Q

____ inferior surface to the sternal end of the clavicle connected to the upper surface of the 1st rib and costal cartilage.

A

Costoclavicular ligament

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8
Q

____is one degree stabilizing structure of the sc joint! limiting extremation of all clavicular motion except depression. It is the primary stabilizing structure.

A

Costoclavicular ligament

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9
Q

Clavicular movements at the ac and sc joints are associated with the

A

Scapula

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10
Q

The ac joint is a ____ type joint

A

Plane

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11
Q

A ____ is at the ac joint

A

Fibrocargilagenous disc

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12
Q

Ligaments of the ac joint

A

Acromioclavicular ligament

Coracoclavicular ligament

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13
Q

Attaches the acromion of the scapula to the acromial end of the clavicle.

A

Acromioclavicular ligament

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14
Q

____ strengthens the clavicle superiorly

A

Acromioclavicular joint

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15
Q

____ consists of two ligaments the conoid and the trapezoid

A

Coracoclavicular ligament

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16
Q

Attaches the coracoid process of scapula to the inferior surface of the acromial end of the clavicle. It anchors the clavicle to the scapula, maintaining integrity at the ac joint.

A

Coracoclavicular ligament

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17
Q

What is the function of the st joint

A

Orientation of the glenoid fossa of the scapula

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18
Q

What type of joint is the GH joint

A

Ball and socket

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19
Q

Where are the apertures of the GH joint

A

Between the tubercles of the humerus and inferior to the coracoid process of the scapula. There are two apertures.

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20
Q

What are the ligaments of the GH joint

A

GH ligament
Glenoid labrum
Coracohuneral ligament
Coracromial arch

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21
Q

Three fibrous bands: superior middle and inferior. They are integrated into the joint capsule.

A

GH ligaments

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22
Q

Strong broad band. Attaches the base of the coracoid process to the greater tubercle of the humerus.

A

Coracohuneral ligament

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23
Q

Restrains the inferior and posterior translation in the adducted arm

A

Coracohuneral ligament

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24
Q

____ is extrinsic to the GH joint. It’s formed by the inferior surface of the acromial and the coracoid process, with the coracromial ligament running between them.

A

Coracromial arch

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25
Q

____ tendon passes under the arch

A

Supraspinatus tendon

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26
Q

____prevents superior displacement of the humerus

A

Coracromial arch

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27
Q

Flexion or abduction occur simultaneously with

A

Scapular upward rotation

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28
Q

What could limit the motion of scapular upward rotation

A

Weak serratus or traps

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29
Q

What are the bursa of the scapula called

A

Subscapular bursa

Sub acromial bursa

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30
Q

____located between the tendon of the subscapulairs and the neck of the scapula. Protects the tendon where it passes beneath the coracoid process and over the neck of the scapula. It communicates with the joint cavity.

A

Subscapular bursa

31
Q

____ located inferior to the acromion and the coracromial ligament, between them and the supraspinatus. It facilitates the movement of the supraspinatus tendon under the arch and the deltoid tendon over the capsule over the GH joint and the greater tubercle of the humerus.

A

Subacromial bursa

32
Q

How is the GH joint nOrmally dislocated

A

In an anterior inferior direction

33
Q

What are the compartments of the arm

A

They come about through the anterior and posterior compartments by the humerus and medial and lateral intermuscular septa.

Anterior and posterior compartments

34
Q

What’s in the anterior compartment of the arm

A

They come about through the anterior and posterior compartments by the humerus and medial and lateral intermuscular septa.
Anterior contents: has a lot of vascular and neural elements. Has elbow flexors, brachial artery, musculocutaneous nerve, median (nothing in the arm, just passing), medial brachial cutaneous (nothing in the arm), and radial nerve (passes through proximally and into distally). The axillary nerve before it goes into the quadrangular space. It’s anterior before it goes posterior.

35
Q

What’s in the posterior compartment of the arm

A

Elbow extensor muscles
Profunda brachii artery (passes distally–goes behind the medial epicondyle so it has to pass posteriorly), axillary nerve and radial nerve.

36
Q

What is the articular disc of the distal radio ulnar joint called in the clinic

A

Triangular Fibrocartilage complex or TFCC

37
Q

Where is the supinator crest and fossa located

A

Lateral side of ulna

38
Q

What is the fracture of the radius or ulna after 50 referred to

A

Colles fracture–distal radial fracture from falling on an outstretched hand.

39
Q

What is the rule for the anterior compartment

A

All of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm are supplied by the musculocutaneous nerve!

40
Q

Where is the long head of the biceps located

A

Long head is lateral

41
Q

What is the major elbow flexor that is usually active always

A

Brachialis muscle

42
Q

Rule for the posterior compartment of the arm

A

All muscles are supplied by the radial nerve!

43
Q

What runs in the radial groove of the humerus

A

Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery.

44
Q

What is the triceps reflex

A

C7 and c 8

45
Q

Origin of the brachial artery

A

Continuation of the axillary artery at the inferior border of the teres major.

46
Q

Course of the brachial artery

A

Lies anterior To the triceps and Brachialis and medial to and then anterior to the humerus. As it passes inferolaterally, it accompanies the median nerve. It ends in the cubital fossa by dividing into the radial and ulnar arteries.

47
Q

Mid humeral fractures out what at risk

A

Radial nerve

48
Q

Distal humeral fractures put what at risk

A

Median nerve

49
Q

Medial epicondyle fractures out what at risk

A

Ulnar nerve

50
Q

What are the branches of the brachial artery

A

Arising from the medial aspect:
Profunda brachii
Superior ulnar collateral
Inferior ulnar collatoral

51
Q

Enters the posterior compartment of the arm with the radial nerve and passes the triangular internal and courses the radial groove of the humerus. Inferolaterally on the posterior surface of the medial head of the triceps, giving off the ascending branch.

A

Profunda brachii artery

52
Q

Arises near the middle of the arm and accompanies the ulnar nerve posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

A

Superior ulnar collatoral

53
Q

Arises proximal to the elbow joint

A

Inferior ulnar collatoral

54
Q

Arterial articular anastomoses can be used to bypass a blockage. Arterial communications around the elbow between what vessels can occur

A

Radial collateral artery
Middle collateral artery–goes posterior
Superior ulnar collateral artery–posterior
Inferior ulnar collatoral–anterior
Ulnar, interosseous, and radial recurrent arteries.

55
Q

Where is most of the venal puncture done

A

Median cubital vein

56
Q

Is a lateral branch of the 2nd intercostal nerve. It communicates with the medial brachial cutaneous nerve.

A

Intercostobrachial, t1 or t2 nerve

57
Q

Distribution of the intercostobrachial nerve

A

Sensory to the medial aspect of the arm.

58
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve is motor to

A

Anterior arm

59
Q

Initially runs on the lateral side of the brachial artery until it reaches the. Idle of the arm where it crosses to the medial side and contacts the brachialis, it descends through the cubital fossa. No sensory in the arm

A

Median nerve

60
Q

Initially runs parallel to the median nerve with the brachial artery and vein between them. At the middle of the arm it pierces the intermuscular septum to continue its course in the posterior compartment. Supplies nothing I’m the arm

A

Ulnar nerve

61
Q

Runs along the medial side of the axillary and brachial veins. Communicates with the intercostobrachial nerve. Sensory to the medial aspect of the arm

A

Medial brachial cutaneous nerve

62
Q

Initially runs with the ulnar nerve and then goes superficial and enters subcutaneous tissue. No distribution in the arm.

A

Medial antebrachial cutaneous

63
Q

Passes to the posterior aspect of the arm through the quadrangular space with the posterior circumflex humeral artery. Winds around the surgical neck of the humerus. Superiolateral aspect for sensory.

A

Axillary nerve

64
Q

Runs with the profunda brachii in the radial groove. However, it pierces the lateral intermuscular septa and then sits anterior between the Brachialis and brachioradialis.

A

Radial nerve

65
Q

Sensory to the posterior aspect and inferolateral aspect of the arm.

A

Radial nerve

Posterior cutaneous nerve and inferior lateral cutaneous nerve

66
Q

What does a dislocated humeral joint or surgical neck fracture injure

A

Axillary nerve

67
Q

Mid humeral fracture injures

A

Radial nerve

68
Q

Fracture at medial epicondyle injures

A

Ulnar nerve

69
Q

Distal humerus fracture injures

A

Median nerve

70
Q

When does claw hand happen

A

When you have lower brachial plexus problem or from the ulnar nerve being injured.

71
Q

Injury to mid humerus and radial nerve gives

A

Wrist drop

72
Q

What causes hand of benediction

A

No flexion in the first second and third digits. This is a median nerve injury.

73
Q

What would happen if axillary nerve got injured from a dislocation and or surgical neck fracture

A

Teres minor and deltoid would have sensory and motor loss.

74
Q

Borders of the triangular interval of the arm

A

Superior–teres major
Lateral–lateral head of triceps brachii
Medial–long head of the triceps brachii

75
Q

Contents of the triangular interval

A

Radial nerve and the profunda brachii artery.

76
Q

Describe the brachial fascia

A

It is continuous superiorly with the pectoral and axillary fascia. The medial and lateral intermuscular septa extend from the deep surfaces to the supracondylar ridges of the humerus. It is attached inferiorly to the epicondyles of the humerus and the olecranon of the ulna. It then becomes continuous with the deep fascia of the forearm (antebrachial fascia).

Anatomy (7 decks)

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