LECTURE 5- HUMAN COMMUNICATION AND ACTION

Question 1

how are actions organised?

Answer 1

actions are sequentialy organised

speakers turns come one after the other (because of the one at a time rule)

• Recipients make sense of someone’s turn by relating it to the just previous turn
• There is a social expectation that a speaker addresses what has come just before their turn

Question 2

what are the 2 levels of collaboration?

Answer 2

structure (a type-matched response)/ stance (an agreeing/granting/accepting response)

Question 3

what are the 5 types of sequences of action

Answer 3

• 1. Request sequence= a request invites its fulfilment
• 2, offer sequence= an offer of information invites acknowledgement and perhaps gratitude
• 3. Direct sequence= a directive invites compliance
• 4. Noticing/sharing sequence= a noticing/sharing invites appreciation
• 5.question-answer sequence= a yes/no question invites a yes/no answer

Question 4

conversation rules in questions

Answer 4

• This is where recipients should answer questions. P
• However there is leeway in terms of whata recipient can say in their answer
• Recipients can resist the agenda of a question by answering a somewhat different question (Stivers & Hayashi, 2010)-

Question 5

when responses do not immediately come

Answer 5

• Rule: people should respond on time (due to pressure from the rules of participation as seen in week 4)
• Delays and hesitations in responding are therefore a source of meaning: people ask themselves ‘what is this doing?’
• Delays are sometimes understood as forecasting a response that does not fulfil the project embodied in the initiating action (e.g. declining an invitation)
• So, conversational rules are a source of meaning

Question 6

Gilberts view on joint action

Answer 6

• Gilbert says- joint action has rights and duties-
• You have a duty to respond to a question given, and the right to prompt for an answer if you have directed that question (rebuke the question)
• Cheating- we can follow rules by answering, but not ‘answering’ the question directly, if we answer, but not the direct question we still follow the obligations in everyday conversation
• We tell narratives using blocking out time

Question 7

rules of story telling

Answer 7

• RULES OF STORY TELLING: A go ahead signal allows someone to speak uninterupted fror a while, while telling the narrative people look at them, and show explicit signs of listening as they proceed. When they get to the punch line, show your undertsanding, then its your turn to chose to launch a similar narrative