Lecture 5 - Child development: Families and parenting

Question 1

Authoritarian

Answer 1

strict ideas about discipline and behaviour that are not open to discussion

Question 2

Authoritative

Answer 2

ideas about discipline and behaviour that are explained and discussed with children

Question 3

Permissive

Answer 3

relaxed ideas about discipline & behaviour

Question 4

Styles of parenting

Answer 4

Maccoby & Martin (1983)

Question 5

Demanding

Answer 5

Responsiveness

Question 6

Authoritative =

Answer 6

responsive and demanding

Question 7

authoritarian =

Answer 7

demanding but unresponsive

Question 8

permissive =

Answer 8

responsive but undemanding

Question 9

Uninvolved

Answer 9

undemanding and unresponsive

Question 10

When a parent is authoritative

Answer 10

parental acceptance and warmth
supervision and strictness
democracy and supporting autonomy

Question 11

Steinberg et al (1992), 6400 adolescents

Answer 11

when parent is authoritative - better academic achievement

socially competent

Question 12

applying principles of learning theory to parenting

Answer 12

eg. super nanny

house rules and the naughty seat (time out)
using positive reinforcement
reward charts

Question 13

importance of fathers

Answer 13

changing role, present at birth, increasing child-rearing involvement, legislation

Question 14

importance of grandparents

Answer 14

experienced in child-rearing, surrogates

emotional/financial support for parents

Question 15

early interest in peers

Answer 15

12-18 months will touch mum most but look at unfamiliar peer more than at mum

Question 16

siblings

Answer 16

social partners; tolerance and hostility; understanding and rivalry

Question 17

Peer relationships

Types of play:

Answer 17

2-4 year olds
5-6 year olds
12+ year olds

Question 18

2-4 year olds

Answer 18

solitary, parallel, group; = in proportion

Question 19

5-6 year olds

Answer 19

more group play, larger groups, single sex

Question 20

12+ year olds

Answer 20

cliques or gangs, to mixed sex crowds

Question 21

sociometry in parenting

Answer 21

direct observation – time interacting
asking another – teacher, parent
asking children themselves
3 others they most like to play/spend time with
3 others they least like to play/spend time with

Question 22

Sociometric status

Answer 22

popular
controversial
neglected
rejected

Question 23

popular

Answer 23

liked my the most liked and not liked by the least liked

socially competent

Question 24

controversial

Answer 24

liked by the most and least liked

dominant characters, sociable, aggressive

Question 25

neglected

Answer 25

disliked by the most and least liked

well-adjusted, shy

Question 26

rejected

Answer 26

disliked by the most liked, but liked by the least liked

at risk, withdrawal, high aggression