Lecture 3 - Child development - Cognition and intelligence Flashcards
Jean Piaget:
children as enquiring scientists
learning through action
how children think, rather than what they may know
Jean Piaget:
stage theory
Piaget’s stages
Sensorimotor birth-2 years
Pre-operational 2-7 years
Concrete operational 7-11 years
Formal operational 11 years +
Sensorimotor
birth-2 years
6 sub-stages
knowing the physical environment by seeing and touching – ‘thinking only by doing’
Developing memory systems
2-3 months baseline leg kicks attaches string test later – no string 2 months – 1 day 3 months – 1 week 6 months – 2+ weeks
Examples of abilities at 8 months
obeys simple requests
points to objects and follows the pointing gesture of an adult
hold cup to doll’s mouth
demonstrates affection by hugging and kissing
shoes toes when these are named by mother
shakes head or says “no” in refusal
schemas
theories about how the physical and social world operate
assimilation
understanding a new object
accommodation
modifying a schema
Pre-operational thought
Centration
thinking about one idea at a time to the exclusion of others
problems with conservation
egocentrism
self-centred world view
difficulty taking another’s perspective
3 mountain problem
able to describe other
view from age 6-7
rigidity of pre-
operational thought
operation
mental consideration of information in a logical manner
conservation
understanding that amount is unrelated to appearance
Conservation of mass
both have about the same amount of clay
Conservation of volume
an example of a concrete operation
associated with personal experience (not abstract)
operational thought is reversible
e.g. imagine water being poured back into tall thin glass
