Lecture 1 - Attachment

Question 1

Early life experiences strongly influence later adult functioning and vulnerability to psychopathology

Answer 1

John Bowlby

Question 2

+ve internal working models

Answer 2

child’s self view
self in relation to others
social competence, esp peers

Question 3

emotion regulation ability

Answer 3

expression & recognition skills

avoiding anxiety, dealing with stress

Question 4

separation during childhood:

Answer 4

hospital care of children

parental divorce or bereavement

Question 5

lack of early secure attachment

Answer 5

adult relationships

psychological health

Question 6

0-2 months

Answer 6

pre-attachment

Question 7

2-7 months

Answer 7

attachment-in-the-making

Question 8

7-24 months

Answer 8

clear-cut attachment

Question 9

24 months+

Answer 9

goal-corrected partnership

Question 10

stranger anxiety

Answer 10

10 months

Question 11

separation distress

Answer 11

12 months

Question 12

Mutual responsiveness leads to

Answer 12

attachment growth - exploration grows - autonomy grows

Question 13

Key maternal qualities

Answer 13

food
warmth
contact
rocking

Question 14

Harlow & Harlow (harlows monkeys)

Answer 14

found contact, warmth, roacking more important than food

Question 15

Attachments in young children

Answer 15

are selective
involve physical proximity seeking
provide comfort and security
produce separation distress

Question 16

secure

Answer 16

child stays quite close to mum; upset by her leaving; greets positively

Question 17

insecure

(avoidant)

Answer 17

avoids contact with mum on reunion; OK when left with stranger

Question 18

insecure

(resistant)

Answer 18

very upset by mum leaving; on return difficult to console; both seeks comfort and resists

Question 19

disorganised (type)

Answer 19

combination

Question 20

positive and loved

Answer 20

secure

Question 21

unloved and rejected

Answer 21

avoidant

Question 22

angry and confused

Answer 22

resistant

Question 23

secure leads to

Answer 23

secure
comfortable in relationships
able to seek support from partner

Question 24

insecure (avoidant) leads to

Answer 24

dismissing
greater sense of autonomy
tend to cut themselves off emotionally from partner

Question 25

insecure (ambivalent/resistant)

Answer 25

Preoccupied
fears rejection from partner
strong desire to maintain closeness

Question 26

Minnesota Longitudinal Study

Answer 26

At 5-years old, insecurely attached as infants:
more reliant on teachers
more socially isolated
more often rated by teachers as passive and easily frustrated