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Occlusion and Fixed > Lecture 5- anatomy of the TMJ > Flashcards

Lecture 5- anatomy of the TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

what is the TMJ

A

where the mandible articulate with the base of the cranium

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2
Q

what does the condyle of the mandible fit into

A

squamous part of the temporal bone- manidbular fossa, glenoid fossa, articular fossa

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3
Q

what is a compound joint and what are the bones of the TMJ

A

more than three bones
-condyle, squamous temporal, articular disc

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4
Q

what is a complex joint

A

allows for more than one type of movement

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5
Q

what is the joint classification of the TMJ

A

compound joint
-complex joint
-synovial joint
-ginglymoarthrodial joint

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6
Q

what is meant by ginglymoarthrodial joint

A

-ginglymoid joint implies hinge movement
-arthodial joint implies gliding movement
- so hinging and gliding

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7
Q

what is the articular disc made of

A

dense fibrous connective tissue

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8
Q

what is the shape of the articular disc

A

concave on the inferior part
- concavo-convex on the superior part

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9
Q

is the articular disc innervated or have blood

A

no

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10
Q

is the articular disc flexible

A

somewhat

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11
Q

what are the 3 sections of the articular disc in a sagital section

A

-anterior zone (middle in thickness)
- middle or intermediate zone (thinnest)
- posterior (thickest)

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12
Q

what does the articular surface of the condyle function as

A

the intermediate zone of the TMJ disc

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13
Q

what is the articular disc divided into in a frontal section

A

medial and lateral

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14
Q

which portion is thicker: medial or lateral

A

medial

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15
Q

what do the discal/collateral ligaments attach the disc to

A

the medial and lateral poles of the condyle and the surrounding capsule

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16
Q

what is the articular zone made of histologically and what is its purpose

A

dense fibrous connective tissue, less suscpetible to aging and better ability to repair, most superficial layer

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17
Q

what is the proliferative zone made of histologically and what is its purpose

A

undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and is responsible for proliferation of articular cartilage in response to loads

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18
Q

what is the fibrocartilaginous zone made of and what is its purpose

A

3D network of collagen offering resistance to lateral and compressive forces

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19
Q

what is the calcified zone made of and what is its purpose

A

chondrocytes and chondroblasts
-active site for bone remodeling

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20
Q

what are all areas of the synovial joint not involved in articulation covered with

A

specialized endothelial cells that form the synovial lining

21
Q

what do specialized endothelial cells that form the synovial lining produce

A

synovial fluid

22
Q

what is boundary lubrication and what does it do

A

movement of fluid from one area of the joint cavity to another
-prevents friction

23
Q

what is weeping lubrication

A

articular surfaces absorb some of the fluid
- increased absorption during function metabolic exchange

24
Q

what is the innervation of the synovial joint

A

mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve- auriculotemporal and masseteric

25
Q

what is the vascularization of the synovial joint

A

superficial temporal artery - branch of the external carotid artery

26
Q

what are the disc attachments

A

-posteriorly
-anteriorly
-attached to capsular ligament anteriorly, posteriorly, medially, and laterally

27
Q

what are the posterior attachments of the disc

A

-superior retrodiscal lamina
- inferior retrodiscal lamina

28
Q

describe the superior retrodiscal lamina

A

-attaches the articular disc to the tympanic plate
-connective tissue
- lots of elastic fibers
- stretches as joint is moved forward

29
Q

describe the inferior retrodiscal lamina

A

-collagenous attachment (non elastic)
- attaches the posterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle

30
Q

what are the anterior attachments of the disc

A

-superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle
-superior anterior attachment
- inferior anterior attachment

31
Q

what does the superior anterior ligament attach

A

-to the capsular ligament
- to the anterior margin of the articular surface of the temporal bone

32
Q

what does the inferior anterior attachment attach

A

-to the capsular ligament
- to anterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle

33
Q

what is the superior joint cavity bordered by

A

-glenoid fossa
- superior aspect of the disc

34
Q

what is the inferior joint cavity bordered by

A

-inferior aspect of the disc
- superior aspect of the condyle

35
Q

where does rotation occur

A

in the inferior joint compartment

36
Q

where does translation occur

A

in the superior joint compartment

37
Q

what are the functional ligaments of the joint

A

-collateral/discal ligaments
-capsular ligaments
- TMJ ligament

38
Q

what are the accessory ligaments

A

-sphenomandibular ligament
- stylomandibular ligament

39
Q

what is the capsule ligamnet/joint capsule attached to

A

-the base of the skull and the condyle
- the periphery of the articular parts
- the disc medially and laterally

40
Q

what does the capsular ligament do

A

surrounds the joint like a curtain
- retains synovial fluid

41
Q

where is the TMJ ligament

A

-thickening of the capsular ligament on the lateral aspect
-extends from the articular tubercle and zygomatic process to the lateral pole and neck of the condyle and the disc

42
Q

what are the two parts of the TMJ ligament

A

-outer oblique
- inner horizontal

43
Q

what is the function of the outer oblique portion of the TMJ ligament

A

-prevents over rotation of the mandible
-causes translation of the mandible after 20-25 mm opening

44
Q

what is the function of the inner horizontal part of the TMJ ligament

A
  • limits posterior movement onto the highly innervated retrodiscal tissue (PAIN)
  • prevents excessive overextension of the lateral pterygoid muscle
45
Q

what does the sphenomandibular ligament arise from and what does it insert into

A

the spine of the sphenoid bone inserts onto the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible called the lingulua

46
Q

where does the stylomandibular ligament arise from and insert

A

arises from the styloid process inserts into the posterior border of the ramus of the mandible

47
Q

what is the function of the stylomandibular ligament

A

limits excessive protrusive movement of the mandible

48
Q

what is centric relation dependent on

A

TMJ not teeth

Occlusion and Fixed (14 decks)

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