Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Monoamines

A

refer to the particular neurotransmitters dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin.

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2
Q

How is serotonin synthesized?

A

L-Tryptophan →5-HTP → 5-HT = serotonin).

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3
Q

Tryptophan

A
  • Dietary precursor.

- Competes with other amino acids at BBB.

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4
Q

Tryptophan Hydroxylase

A
  • Rate-limiting enzyme.
  • Neural stimulation regulates.
  • Autoreceptors.
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5
Q

5-HTP

A
  • People take this with In combo with taking MDMA to help prevent neurotoxicity.
  • Skips rate limiting step, because 5-HTP can pass the brain blood barrier when serotonin can’t.
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6
Q

Storage, Release & Inactivation of 5-HT

A
  • 5-HT is packaged into vesicles by VMAT2.
  • Reserpine blocks storage of serotonin.
  • Released by vesicular release.
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7
Q

MDMA

A
  • 5-HT and DA, NE
  • Toxicity & memory deficits
  • Long term and psychiatric effects controversial.
  • Adjunct to psychotherapy.
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8
Q

Therapy: adjunct to psychotherapy.

MAIO

A

a class of drugs that inhibit the activity of one or both monoamine oxidase enzymes.

  • powerful antidepressant.
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9
Q

5-HT1A

A
  • Limbic areas
  • Postsynaptic
  • Autoreceptor
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10
Q

Serotonin Syndrome

A

High 1A agonist action

Symptoms:
- Repetitive muscle spasms.

  • Resting tremor.
  • Restlessness, agitation.
  • Disorientation.
  • Sympathetic activation.
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11
Q

5-HT13

A
  • Ligand-gated ion channel.
  • Pain, eating, hyperactivity.
  • Vomiting reflex.
  • Accompany chemotherapy.
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12
Q

Triptans

A

cause consecration of blood vessels in the brain, which eases pain.

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13
Q

Serotonin on Cognition & Behavior

A

States of consciousness: Enhance repetitive motor activity while suppressing sensory processing.

Plays a role in sleep regulation, hunger, mood states & sexual behaviour.

5-HT plays a role in the processing of pain signals at the level of the spinal cord.

SSRIs are the most common treatment for several anxiety disorders.

Low serotonergic activity = increased aggressive behavior.

Learning & Memory: Contextual fear conditioning (used to investigate the role of 5-HT in learning and memory).

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14
Q

Blood Brain Barrier (BBB).

A

the frontier that isolates brain tissues from the substances circulating in the blood vascular system.

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