Lecture 5 Flashcards
what are invasive species?
any species that when introduced to a new location, outcompetes native flora.
with less predators, invasive plants can allocate resources where?
into growth and competitive ability.
what is a noxious weed?
present in some but not all areas of sk, and must make some effort of control
Patch:
is a non-linear surface area differing in appearance from its surroundings, and it is embedded in the matrix.
characteristics of patches vary in —– and ——-
time and space
what is an example of a plant that alters disturbance regimes?
brom can alter fire regimes! This plant grows in such a way that it creates a very flammable environment.
regeneration patch:
vegetation recovering following disturbance
define disturbance?
a disturbance is any relatively discrete event in time that disrupts ecosystem, community or population structure and changes resources, substrate availability or the physical environment
disturbance patches:
are patches that develop after disturbance of an area. Can be natural or human causes.
what is the fluctuating resource hypothesis?
overgrazing, nutrient enrichment and other landscapes disturbances may reduce the competititve ability of native species.
what are 2 factors affecting the establishment and spread of an exotic species?
- community invasibility- how susceptible the community is to invasives. 2. invasive potential.
is disturbance uniform?
no
what is a nuisance weed?
present across SK and are difficult to control
remnant patches:
are caused by widespread disturbance surrounding a small area.
Invasion patches:
patches created by invasion of a habitat by non-native species
what is a good example of a plant useing novel weapons?
Black grass, produces allelochemicals.
what are the post disturbance dnamics of organisms?
- numbers of some species drop dramatically or they may become locally extinct. 2. numbers of some species may increase dramatically 3. some new species may rapdily migrae into the patch
why are disturbances made by management?
to direct ecological succession to create or elimate sites, control colonization to increase or decrease organisms, and control species performance in patches or habitats.
what are the 8 attributes of patches?
- type or kind 2. size 3. shape 4. edge 5. orientation 6. location 7. contrast 8. context
what are the 6 things for invasive potential:
- plant traits 2. the escae of natural predators 3. evolution of increased competitive ability 4. Novel weapons hypothesis 5. altered disturbance regimes 6. altered nutrient cycling
what is the diffrence beween single disturbance and chronically disturbed?
single- single discrete event in time. chronically- disturbance year after year or many times in a year like a bison wallowing site.
Introduced or Planted Patches:
are created by introducing species to an area. Disturbance is required to initiate the patch, followed by planting.
patches are ——- entities
3-D
environmental resourc patches:
are more or less permanent patches that priginate from heterogenous or patchy distribution of environmental resources.
what is an example of a native plant altering the nutrient cycling?
smooth brome actually shifts the microbial community and there was increased nitrogen cycling under smooth brom patches.
what is a prohibited weed?
any infestation must be quarantined and eradicated immediatlely
Home or habitation patches:
include structure, surrounding grounds, and immediate surrounding of places where people live or lived
