Lecture 5 Flashcards
Mastery
Metabolic syndrome
diagnostic criteria
Metabolically healthy obesity
diagnostic criteria
TCG PW
High triglycerides
Low HDL(cholesterol)
High Blood Glucose
High blood pressure
Large waist
metabolic syndrome: 3 or more conditions
MHO not well defined
having 0-2 conditions
Units of energy
calories
how many joules is one kilocalorie
Joules
calorie(c): amount of energy required to raise temp of one gram of water by 1 degree
Calorie(C): kilo calorie
1 kcal: 4.2 kilojoules
energy balance equation
Change in body stores = energy intake - energy expenditure
energy intake= energy content of food
Expenditure = energy used for physiological functions
Total daily energy expenditure
TDEE depends on RENT
RMR- Basal/resting metabolic rate
EAT- exercise activity thermogenesis
NEAT- non exercise activity thermogenesis
TEF- Thermic effect of food, energy required to metabolize food
Basal/ Resting metabolic rate
how much does it make up of the TDEE
when does one have a greater BMR
BMR= energy required for basic physiological functions
RMR= energy required for body when at rest
50% of TDEE
more lean mass is more metabolically active
Respiratory exchange ratio
ratio at rest and exercise
RER
the ratio gives info on proportion of fat vs. carbs oxidized for energy
RER= VCO2/ VO2
rest is about 0.8
exercise is about 1 or more
Exercise activity thermogenesis
EAT-
Energy expenditure from formal exercise
how to quantify energy expenditure during PA
what is a MET and unit
energy expenditure equation
energy expenditure is given in METs
1 MET is average oxygen uptake at rest
1 MET= 1kcal/kg/hour
EE=MET x Bodywweight(Kg) x duration(hours)
NEAT
non exercise activity thermogenesis
can have a large effect of TDEE
high up to 15%
Thermic effect of food
ranking of types of food
TEF
after we eat metabolic rate increases
represents energy expenditure of digesting food
10% of TDEE
Protein> Carbs> Fats
25%———10%——3%
can a slow metabolism explain weight loss or gain
what can change someones RMR instrinsicly
why are people gaining weight
FFM amount is the best indicator for RMR
Low RMR may assist in weight gain, but food intake and activity levels are more important
Age, sex, genes
BIGGER FACTORS THAT JUST A SMALL RMR
People are bad at estimating dailt calories(20-50%)
Bad at estimating caloric expenditure from PA or exercise
Dynamic energy balance equation
when does RMR decrease
when does TEF decrease
when does NEAT decrease
Body stores= energy intake-
(RMR+TEF+EAT+NEAT)
RMR= when bodyweight is lost, as RMR is heavily dependent on body mass, or FFM
TEF= when total calories consumed decreases so will TEF
NEAT= decrease with diet and increased formal exercise
all of these can affect body stores and energy stores
