Lecture 4 Flashcards
Mastery
What is body composition and why do we care?
proportions of muscle, fat, and bone mass
can be important in health and performance
different models of body composition
2, 3, 4 or multi
Fat mass and Fat free mass
Fat mass, Lean mass, bone mass
fat mass, protein, water, bone mass
Health and performance related concerns to body compositon
health risks of over and underweight
Health:
Obesity linked to poor health
Maintain muscle mass as we age
Extreme leanness is bad
Performance:
excessive body fat can ruin fitness
Best weight-to-power ratio
Being too lean makes one more prone to injury
types of fat
functions of fat
S.E fat
Storage- stored in adipose tissue
- Storage fat is subcutaneous and visceral
Essential - found within nerves and organs
VIPR
Vitamin storage
Insulation
Protection
Reserve of energy
two types of storage fat
visceral and subcutaneous
subcutaneous is right under skin
visceral is around organs and is more risky for health
Two types of obesity
android: fat around the trunk
Gynoid: fat around hips and thighs
what is correlation and regression in measuring body composition
Correlation is connecting two or more variables
Regression is predicting the outcome based on another variable
Stable isotope dilution
administer a bolus or some isotope
measure the change in concentration. of isotope over time
TBWater/ hydration factor. = 73.2%
body water is distributed everywhere but fat
PROs: accurate measure of total body water
CONs: costly and time consuming, lab
methods of body composition testing
SUBAIDU
- isootope dilution
- Underwater weighing
- Air displacement plethysmography
- Skinfold measurements
- Bioelectrical impedance
- Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
- Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, etc
Underwater weighing
weigh someone underwater and their fat should float and muscle sink then do calculation to find BF%
PROs: Accurate measure of FFM
CONs: costly, patient burden, lab setting
Skinfold measure
measure thickness of skinfold at various sites around the body, find the sum and put into an equation
PROs: easy, cheap, fast
CONs: changing accuracy, use proper equations based on lab participant, need proper training, bad consistency
BodPod or Air displacement
measures the pressure of the pod with and without the patient to find the volume and therefore DENSITY
PROS: good accuracy and lower patient burden
CONs: costly and lab
bioelectrical impedance
grab two coils and pump electrical current thru and fat impedes the electrical current.
Measure voltage difference between the two point. FFM doesn’t impede current but fat mass does.
PROs: convenient and cheap
CONs: people of dif height and length at the same BF%. many types of devices for changing accuracy
dual energy x ray absorptiometry
high and low energy x ray beams thru bodies and looks at fat mass, lean mass, and bone content.
PROs: accurate dimensions or FM, LM, and bone content, low patient burden, accurate readings of particular spots on body.
CONs: costly and lab setting
