Lecture 5

Question 1

Soil erosion occurs due to transport of ……

Answer 1

wind, water or ice

Question 2

Two of the most important agents of erosion in many counties including Ghana is…

Answer 2

water and wind

Question 3

Why concern with erosion?

Answer 3

the topsoil is the part of the land with the highest organic matter and as erosion removes the top soil, it heavily impacts the agricultural land

Question 4

What is rainsplash erosion?

Answer 4

the detachment of small soil particles by the direct impact of raindrops.

Question 5

Splash erosion is only effective when rain……

Answer 5

falls with high intensity

Question 6

The removal of soil particles by water flowing overland as a sheet is called

Answer 6

Sheet erosion

Question 7

The removal of soil particles by means of runoff in small channels is called

Answer 7

Rill Erosion

Question 8

The removal of soil particles by means of run off in gullies (larger channels) is called

Answer 8

Gully erosion

Question 9

The most important climatic factors that control soil erosion by water are

Answer 9

rainfall intensity and frequency

Question 10

The magnitude of soil erosion tends to be higher in soils with …….. structure

Answer 10

poor

Question 11

Soils with faster ……. have a greater ability to resist erosion

Answer 11

infiltration rates

Question 12

Organic matter protects the soil by absorbing the impact of raindrops. hence oils with greater organic content are able to ……….. erosion.

Answer 12

resist

Question 13

Past erosion strongly affects a soil’s

Answer 13

erodibility

Question 14

Exposed sub soils (B horizon) on previously eroded sits are generally more ……… to erosion than surface soils.

Answer 14

prone

Question 15

Vegetative cover protects the soil from erosion. True or false?

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The steeper the slope of a land surface, the ……….. the speed of surface runoff

Answer 16

greater

Question 17

The magnitude of soil erosion by water ……… as the slope length increases.

Answer 17

increases

Question 18

Humans play a major role in soil erosion through…..

Answer 18

deforestation, grazing, housing construction, mining among others.

Question 19

What is deflation?

Answer 19

it occurs when wind causes small particles to be lifted and moved to another place.

Question 20

As suspended particles are moved, they may erode the surface of solid object by a process called

Answer 20

Abrasion

Question 21

Soil erosion by wind also tends to be more severe at areas with no ……….

Answer 21

windbreaks

Question 22

The UNEFP-funded GLASOD project which was coordinated by ISRIC provided a first world map of human-induced soil degradation in …..

Answer 22

1990

Question 23

full meaning of GLASOD?

Answer 23

Global Assessment of Human-induced Soil Degradation

Question 24

Cultivation along steep slopes can cause soil erosion true?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

one of the major causes of soil erosion in many parts of the world is

Answer 25

deforestation

Question 26

The most serious off site effect of soil erosion is the…..

Answer 26

movement of sediments into water courses

Question 27

What does siltation do?

Answer 27

it alters the habitat of aquatic organisms

Question 28

Soil erosion is one of the major causes of water pollution. True?

Answer 28

yes

Question 29

Drinking and eating a lot of nitrates can

Answer 29

stop red blood cells from doing their job of carrying oxygen.

Question 30

The most common cause of baby blue syndrome is

Answer 30

water contaminated with nitrates