Lecture 5 - 1/11 (Metabolism)

Question 1

Amphibolic

Answer 1

Part of both anabolic and catabolic pathways

Question 2

3 metabolic pathways (making ATP)

Answer 2

1. glycolysis
2. TCA cycle
3. electron transport system

Question 3

interstitial space

Answer 3

in between tissues

Question 4

alpha-dextrinase

Answer 4

used to break down a-1,6 glycosidic linkages in the colon by bacteria

Question 5

basil lamina

Answer 5

bottom (basement) side

Question 6

apical side

Answer 6

near the apex (top side)

Question 7

hepatic portal vein

Answer 7

to move nutrients from the gut to the liver

Question 8

proteases

Answer 8

enzymes that digestion proteins (

Question 9

glycosidases

Answer 9

enzymes that digest carbohydrates

Question 10

nucleases

Answer 10

enzymes that digest nucleic acids

Question 11

lipases

Answer 11

enzymes that digest fats/oils

Question 12

phosphatase

Answer 12

enzymes that digest phospholipids (to get phosphate off)

Question 13

chylomicron

Answer 13

assembly of triacylglycerols for transport. contains proteins that can be recognized by muscle and adipose tissue (brings lipids into these tissues)

Question 14

secretin

Answer 14

Causes sodium bicarb to be released out of the pancreas into the duodenum

Question 15

kinetically stable

Answer 15

has high Ea, meaning it takes an enzyme to get rxn to proceed. (ATP is kinetically stable)

Question 16

reasons for thermodynamic stability of ATP

Answer 16

1. charge repulsion (entropy is favored)
2. stability from resonance
3. stability by hydration

Question 17

enzymatic coupling

Answer 17

when two reactions happen using the same enzyme (at the same time) (e.g. creatine phosphorylation)

Question 18

phosphoryl transfer potential

Answer 18

ATP has an intermediate phosphoryl transfer potential (from creatine?)

Question 19

alpha-keto acid

Answer 19

pyruvate

Question 20

metabolic coupling

Answer 20

gets over a positive delta G step by drawing off product (le chatliers principle), subsequent negative delta G steps

Question 21

obligate anaerobes

Answer 21

tetanus, botulism