Lecture 4: When reinforcement stops occurring

Question 1

When reinforcement stops, the ______

Answer 1

behaviour stops

Question 2

When the reinforcement for a perviously reinforced behaviour stops, that behaviour has been ______

Answer 2

put on extinction

Question 3

Extinction is withholding reinforcement from a _____

Answer 3

previously reinforced behaviour

Question 4

Responses can be extinguished ______

Answer 4

intentionally or unintentionally

intentionally - cat meowing at door
unintentionally - child trys answering questions and teachers never pick him

Question 5

To use extinction effectively, you have to know _______

Answer 5

what is reinforcing the response.

then decide whether you got enough control over reinforcement to remove it

Question 6

Partial reinforcement effect ???

Answer 6

behaviour reinforced on a continuous sched. will extinguish faster > behaviour reinforced on a intermittent sched.

Question 7

Extinction burst ????

Answer 7

initial increase in response after the removal of reinforcement

Question 8

Extinction will work better when combine _____

Answer 8

with reinforcement for another behaviour

allows to get reinf. they want, but for an approp. behaviour

Question 9

Spontaneous recovery ??????

Answer 9

reappearance of a previously extinguished response

Question 10

Consequences that decrease the probability of behaviours occuring again are called _______

Answer 10

punishers

Question 11

Positive punishment :D ???? (+)

Answer 11

the addition of a stimulus
after a behaviour
that results in a decrease of the probability that the behaviour will occur again under similar circumstances

Question 12

Negative punishment :( ?????? (-)

Answer 12

the subtraction of a stimulus
after a behaviour
that results in a decrease of the probability that the behaviour will occur again under similar circmstances

Question 13

Factors that influence the power of a stimulus to function as punishers are ______

Answer 13

• contingency (consistency)
• immediacy
• magnitude

Question 14

Arranging punishers to occur is a risky way of changing behaviour because the use of punishment ______

Answer 14

can create more problems than it solves

Question 15

Punishers should only be used under certain conditions because of the risks, such as _____

Answer 15

• when reinforcement based procedures have not produced sufficient changes in the problem behaviour
• when behaviouris dangerous it must be stopped immediately

Question 16

Antecedents are ______

Answer 16

stimuli that precede behaviour and influence whether behaviour occurs

Question 17

S’D is a type of antecedent that _____

Answer 17

signals the availability of reinforcement for a behaviour

Question 18

In the presence of S’D, behaviour is _______

Answer 18

more likely to happen

Question 19

S’Δ is a type of antecedent that _________

Answer 19

siganls reinforcement is not available or engaging in a response

Question 20

In the presence of S’Δ, behaviour is ______

Answer 20

less likely to happen

Question 21

A stimulus becoming S’D or S’Δ will depend on the _________

Answer 21

consequences that follow the behaviour

Question 22

Consequences are stronger than ______

Answer 22

antecedents when influencing behaviour

Question 23

If behaviour is followed by a reinforcer, the stimulus is more likely to become ____

Answer 23

S’D

Question 24

If behaviour is followed by a lack of reinforcement, the stimulus is more likely to become __________

Answer 24

S’Δ