Lecture 3: Reinforcement schedules

Question 1

A schedule of reinforcement specifies ________

Answer 1

which occurrences of behaviour will be reinforced

Question 2

Schedules of reinforcement is important in understanding ______

Answer 2

1. why behaviour occurs frequently or infrequently as it does
2. how best to reinforce when teaching a new subject
3. how best to maintain desirable behaviour change

Question 3

There are two types of reinforcement schedules …..

Answer 3

continuous (CRF) and intermittent schedules

Question 4

A continuous schedule is a schedule in which ____

Answer 4

reinforcement is delivered after every response

Question 5

A intermittent schedule is a schedule in which ______

Answer 5

reinforcement is delivered occasionally

Question 6

Continuous schedules of reinforcement should be used during ______

Answer 6

during behavioural acquisition… (acquisition is the period in which behaviour is initially being learned)

Question 7

Intermittend schedules can maintain ______

Answer 7

behaviour once the behaviour is learned….. (maintenance is the endurance of a behaviour over-time)

Question 8

The advantages of reinforcement are:

Answer 8

1. reduces satiation so a stimulus will function as a reinforcer for a longer period of time
2. intermittently reinforced behaviours persist in the real world
3. if reinforcer stops for any reason, the behaviour will continue (for a while)

Question 9

(REINFORCEMENT SCHEDULES)

Answer 9

(SEE MAP)

Question 10

Some schedules of reinforcement happen _____

Answer 10

naturally (without planning)

Question 11

If planning schedules its important to know how each schedule ______

Answer 11

effects behaviour

Question 12

The best type of schedule to use is a _______

Answer 12

VR.

Question 13

VR schedules produce high _____

Answer 13

and steady rates of responding with no pause in responding after reinforcement

(have to be careful to avoid ratio strain)

Question 14

Ratio strain is a situation in which ______

Answer 14

the ratio of responding to reinforcement is so high that the organism stops responding

Question 15

FR schedules also produce high _______

Answer 15

rates of responding, but you can expect a slight pause after reinforcer delivery

Question 16

A post reinforcement pause is a temporary ______

Answer 16

cessation of responding after the delivery of a reiforcer

Question 17

VI schedules produce low but _______

Answer 17

steady rates of responding, with no post reinforcement pauses

Question 18

FI schedules produce lower rates of respondig, with an _______

Answer 18

increase in behaviour at the end of the interval and a long post reinforcement pause

Question 19

(general)

fixed schedules of reinforcement (both ratio and interval) result in a pause of responding after reinforcement

Answer 19

Ratio schedules usually produce higher rates of responding than interval schedules, regardless of whether they are variable or fixed

Question 20

When planning schedules of reinforcement to change behaviour, we use ratio schedules because ______

Answer 20

they result in higher rates of responding.

Question 21

Interval schedule with a limited hold is a schedule where _____

Answer 21

there is a limited period of time where the reinforcer is available

Question 22

Duration schedule is a schedule in which a ________

Answer 22

behaviour is reinforced if it occurs continuously for a period of time - these can be fixed or variable