Lecture 3: Reinforcement schedules Flashcards
A schedule of reinforcement specifies ________
which occurrences of behaviour will be reinforced
Schedules of reinforcement is important in understanding ______
- why behaviour occurs frequently or infrequently as it does
- how best to reinforce when teaching a new subject
- how best to maintain desirable behaviour change
There are two types of reinforcement schedules …..
continuous (CRF) and intermittent schedules
A continuous schedule is a schedule in which ____
reinforcement is delivered after every response
A intermittent schedule is a schedule in which ______
reinforcement is delivered occasionally
Continuous schedules of reinforcement should be used during ______
during behavioural acquisition… (acquisition is the period in which behaviour is initially being learned)
Intermittend schedules can maintain ______
behaviour once the behaviour is learned….. (maintenance is the endurance of a behaviour over-time)
The advantages of reinforcement are:
- reduces satiation so a stimulus will function as a reinforcer for a longer period of time
- intermittently reinforced behaviours persist in the real world
- if reinforcer stops for any reason, the behaviour will continue (for a while)
(REINFORCEMENT SCHEDULES)
(SEE MAP)
Some schedules of reinforcement happen _____
naturally (without planning)
If planning schedules its important to know how each schedule ______
effects behaviour
The best type of schedule to use is a _______
VR.
VR schedules produce high _____
and steady rates of responding with no pause in responding after reinforcement
(have to be careful to avoid ratio strain)
Ratio strain is a situation in which ______
the ratio of responding to reinforcement is so high that the organism stops responding
FR schedules also produce high _______
rates of responding, but you can expect a slight pause after reinforcer delivery
A post reinforcement pause is a temporary ______
cessation of responding after the delivery of a reiforcer
VI schedules produce low but _______
steady rates of responding, with no post reinforcement pauses
FI schedules produce lower rates of respondig, with an _______
increase in behaviour at the end of the interval and a long post reinforcement pause
(general)
fixed schedules of reinforcement (both ratio and interval) result in a pause of responding after reinforcement
Ratio schedules usually produce higher rates of responding than interval schedules, regardless of whether they are variable or fixed
When planning schedules of reinforcement to change behaviour, we use ratio schedules because ______
they result in higher rates of responding.
Interval schedule with a limited hold is a schedule where _____
there is a limited period of time where the reinforcer is available
Duration schedule is a schedule in which a ________
behaviour is reinforced if it occurs continuously for a period of time - these can be fixed or variable
