Lecture 4 Vocab

Question 1

what is the progenitor of the cells that give rise to connective tissue?

Answer 1

mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)

Question 2

large cells, called _______ are responsible for storing lipids and are found in ________ tissue

Answer 2

unilocular adipocytes, adipose

Question 3

lipid-storing cells specialized for heat production

Answer 3

multilocular adipocytes

Question 4

cells responsible for production, remodelling, and degradation of ECM fibers and ground substance

Answer 4

fibroblasts

Question 5

what do myofibroblasts do?

Answer 5

specialized type of fibroblast that produces myosin and is responsible for force generation

Question 6

dominant fiber of connective tissue

Answer 6

type I collagen

Question 7

triple-helix shaped molecules found in fibroblasts that are cleaved to become type I collagen

Answer 7

procollagen

Question 8

repeating subunit of collagen fiber

Answer 8

fibril

Question 9

main component of reticular fibers

Answer 9

type III collagen

Question 10

does not assemble into fibers, but fibrils are visible in EM images

Answer 10

type II collagen

Question 11

type II collagen is secreted by:

Answer 11

chondrocytes

Question 12

what is the repeating subunit of type IV collagen?

Answer 12

meshwork of dimers

Question 13

type of collagen found in basal lamina

Answer 13

type IV

Question 14

type of collagen that secures connective tissue to basal lamina

Answer 14

type VII

Question 15

explain how the three types of collagen interact to connect the basal lamina to the connective tissue

Answer 15

type VII collagen fibers connect from the collagen in the basement membrane (type IV) to strands of reticular fibers (type III)

Question 16

found in the growth plates of bones

Answer 16

type X

Question 17

basic building block of ground substance

Answer 17

GAG - a linear chain of dissacharide units

Question 18

GAG bound to a protein

Answer 18

proteoglycan

Question 19

describe how the ground substance is organized

Answer 19

GAGs attach to proteins, forming proteoglycans. these proteoglycans then attach to hyaluronic acid (a large, non-sulfated GAG). These molecules are very negatively charged and very hydrophilic, so they are hydrated easily.

Question 20

name four typical GAGs (besides hyaluronic acid)

Answer 20

dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, keratan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate