Lecture 2 Vocab

Question 1

surrounds cell

Answer 1

plasma membrane

Question 2

historical name for plasma membrane

Answer 2

unit membrane

Question 3

plasma membrane proteins facing outside of cell

Answer 3

E-face

Question 4

plasma membrane proteins facing inside of cell

Answer 4

P-face

Question 5

technique which allows viewing of proteins inside the plasma membrane

Answer 5

freeze-fracture

Question 6

outer covering of cell that includes glycoproteins and glycolipids

Answer 6

glycocalyx

Question 7

site of protein production in cell

Answer 7

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

site of translation in cell

Answer 8

ribosome

Question 9

site of lipid/steroid production in cell

Answer 9

smooth ER

Question 10

site of protein packaging and secretion

Answer 10

Golgi apparatus

Question 11

responsible for energy production in cell

Answer 11

mitochondria

Question 12

invaginations of membrane allowing increased surface area

Answer 12

basal striations

Question 13

uptake of extracellular material

Answer 13

endocytosis

Question 14

uptake of *small* extracellular material

Answer 14

pinocytosis

Question 15

uptake of *large* extracellular material for digestion

Answer 15

phagocytosis

Question 16

vesicle which contains endocytosed material

Answer 16

endosome

Question 17

vesicle used to digest phagocytosed material

Answer 17

lysosome

Question 18

vesicles specifically designed to break down fatty acids

Answer 18

peroxisome

Question 19

undigestible remnants of waste

Answer 19

residual bodies

Question 20

process of moving material out of cell

Answer 20

exocytosis

Question 21

process which is not regulated by any specific signal

Answer 21

constitutive

Question 22

three components of cytoskeleton

Answer 22

microtubules, thin filaments, intermediate filaments

Question 23

center of microtubule organization in cell

Answer 23

microtubule organizing center (MTOC)

Question 24

organelle that facilitates microtubule organization

Answer 24

centriole

Question 25

name for MTOC during cell division

Answer 25

centrosome

Question 26

junction comprised of cadherin proteins that intercellularly bind to keratin

Answer 26

desmosome or macula adherens

Question 27

junction that allows for electrically-conductive channel. uses connexin proteins and does not bind to cytoskeleton

Answer 27

gap-junction

Question 28

junction that connects with cytoskeletal actin

Answer 28

adhering junctions or zonula adherens

Question 29

junction consisting of transmembrane proteins (claudins and occludins). form barrier that is largely impermeable to water and ions

Answer 29

tight junctions or zonula occludens

Question 30

four types of cell junction

Answer 30

desmosome or macula adherens, gap-junction, adhering junction or zonula adherens, tight junction or zonula occludens

Question 31

grouping of desmosomes, zonula adherens, and zonula occludens on the lateral side of epithelial cells

Answer 31

junctional complex

Question 32

long, motile structure protruding from cell membrane

Answer 32

cilia

Question 33

core of cilia

Answer 33

axoneme

Question 34

anchoring portion of cilia that consists of “9 triplets plus zero” microtubules

Answer 34

basal body

Question 35

membrane-bound surface specialization designed for absorption

Answer 35

microvillus

Question 36

area that anchors the microvilli in the actin

Answer 36

terminal web

Question 37

chromatin that is tightly packed and therefore dark

Answer 37

heterochromatin

Question 38

chromatin that is largely unpacked and therefore light

Answer 38

euchromatin

Question 39

site of RNA production in nucleus

Answer 39

nucleolus

Question 40

process of controlled cell death

Answer 40

apoptosis