Lecture 4 Paranasal Sinuses, Pharynx and Larynx Flashcards
1
Q
- what species is this?
- 2?
- 8?
A
- pig
- 2- dorsal nasal conchae
- 8- ventral nasal conchae
2
Q
- What is this a picture of?
- what do you see?
A
- pig with atrophic rhinitis
- destroyed conchae
- can cause lysis of maxilla
- deviated septum
3
Q
do the paranasal sinuses stay around the same size as a herbivore ages?
A
expand in size as herbivore ages
4
Q
1?
2?
3?
A
- Dipole
- Exterior lamina
- Interior lamina
5
Q
what constitutes a paranasal sinus to be one?
A
- Paranasal sinus invades into the dipole part of cranial bone
- the sinus is where the dipole used to be
6
Q
4?
5?
A
4- External lamina
5- Internal lamina
7
Q
- what does a direct connection of a paranasal sinus mean?
- indirect?
A
- direct- communicates to the nasal cavity
- indirect- needs to communicate to another paranasal sinus before communicating to nasal cavity
8
Q
- 6?
- does this have a direct or indirect connection to nasal cavity
- 7?
A
- 6- ethmoidal sinus
- direct
- 7- Middle nasal meatus
9
Q
What are 2 possible reasons for paranasal sinuses
A
- One reason could be to expand the skull to make it larger for larger muscles of mastication and teeth
- It will increase size but not the weight since they are filled with air
10
Q
- what species?
- what is it?
- ?
A
- canine
1. Frontal sinus complex
2. Maxillary recess
11
Q
- ?
- ?
A
- Frontal sinus complex
- Maxillary recess
12
Q
why is the maxillary recess called a recess?
A
- is not a paranasal sinus because it is not diving into the dipole of bone,
- not separated by an internal and external lamina
13
Q
- Which large animal species have frontal sinuses?
- which is it undivided in?
- Which species have maxillary sinuses
- which is it undivided in?
A
- frontal- all large animals
- undivided in horse
- maxillary- all large animals
- divided only in horse
14
Q
- where does the maxillary communicate to to get to the nasal cavity?
- will it always do this?
- why is this important to know?
A
- the middle nasal meatus
- always communicate
- If you have a disease process in one sinus it will go to other sinuses
15
Q
- Which species have sphenoid paranasal sinus?
- lacrimal
A
- sphenoid- not sheep and goats
- lacrimal- not horses
16
Q
- which species have palatine paranasal sinuses?
- ethmoid?
A
- palatine- not pig
- ethmoid- not horse
17
Q
- What species is this?
- ?
- ?
A
- cattle
1. Caudal frontal sinus
2. rostral frontal sinus
18
Q
3?
4?
5?
A
3- Medial rostral frontal sinus
4- Lateral rostral frontal sinus
5- Intermediate rostral frontal sinus
- Intermediate is inconsistent
19
Q
- what is 6?
- when does it develop?
- why can this be important to know?
A
- 6- Cornual diverticula of caudal frontal sinus
- Develops at 4-6 months of age
- If you dehorn after this time there will be an opening to the caudal frontal sinus and can possibly get an infection
20
Q
Do all cattle of a cornual diverticula?
A
only horned cattle
21
Q
(this is cattle)
7?
8?
A
7- Nuchal diverticula of caudal frontal sinus
8- Postorbital diverticula of caudal frontal sinus
22
Q
9?
- what is special about this
10?
A
9- Lacrimal bulla, caudal extent of maxillary sinus
- It is very thin
10- Maxillary sinus
23
Q
1?
- what would project from here?
2?
A
- Lateral frontal sinus
- Cornual diverticulum comes from here
- Medial frontal sinus
25
Q
- what skull is this?
- what is this?
- why important
A
- sheep
1. Lacrimal bulla (Part of maxillary sinus)
2. thicker than bovine
26
Q
- ?
- ?
- ? (pointing to 1 and 2)
A
- Frontal sinus,
- undivided, freely communicating with dorsal conchal sinus
- dorsal conchal sinus
- conchofrontal sinus