Lecture 4: Operating Systems and Utility Programs Flashcards
The operating system and utility programs that control a computer system and allow you to use your computer
System Software
Enables the boot process, launches applications, transfers
files, controls hardware configuration, manages files on the
hard drive, and protects from unauthorized use
System Software
Programs that allow a user to perform specific tasks on a
computer
Application Software
Word processing, playing games, browsing the Web,
listening to music, etc.
Application Software
A collection of programs that manage and
coordinate the activities taking place within a
computer
Operating System
Acts as an intermediary between the user and
the computer and between the application
programs and system hardware
Operating System
ENUMERATE: Functions of an Operating System
Interfacing the use (GUI)
Boot the computer
Configuring Device
Managing Network Connections
Managing and Monitoring Resources and Jobs
File Management
Security
ENUMERATE: Processing Techniques for Increased
Efficiency
Multitasking
Multithreading
Multiprocessing and Parallel Processing
Buffering and Spooling
Memory Management
The ability of an operating system to have more than one
program (task) open at one time
Multitasking
CPU rotates between tasks
● Switching is done quickly
● Appears as though all programs executing at the same
time
Multitasking
The ability to rotate between multiple threads so that
processing is completed faster and more efficiently
Multithreading
Sequence of instructions within a program that is
independent of other thread
Thread
Multiple processors (or multiple cores) are used in one
computer system to perform work more efficiently
Multiprocessing and Parallel Processing
Tasks are performed sequentially
Multiprocessing and Parallel Processing
Task are performed one right after the other
Sequential Processing
Multiple task are perform at the same time
Simultaneous Processing
Optimizing the use of main memory (RAM)
Memory Management
Memory-management technique that uses hard drive
space as additional RAM
Virtual Memory
Area in RAM or on the hard drive designated to hold data that is used by
different hardware devices or programs
Buffer
Placing items in a buffer so they can be retrieved by the appropriate device
when needed
Buffering/ Spooling
Require users to input commands using the
keyboard
Command Line Interface
Graphics based interface
Used by most operating systems
Graphical User Interface
DIfference of Operating Systems:
CLI and GUI
Categories of Operating Systems
- Personal (Desktop) Operating System
- Server (Network) Operating System
- Mobile and Embedded Operating System
Designed to be installed on a single computer
Personal (Desktop) Operating System
Designed to be installed on a network server
Server (Network) Operating System
Client computers still use a personal operating system
Server (Network) Operating System
controls access to network resources
Server (Network) Operating System
First 32-bit version of Windows designed for high-end
workstations and servers
Windows NT
Replaced by Windows 2000
Windows NT
Replaced both Windows 2000 and Windows Me
Windows XP
Replaced Windows XP
● Introduced the Aero interface and Sidebar feature
Windows Vista