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Introduction to Computing > Lecture 4: Operating Systems and Utility Programs > Flashcards

Lecture 4: Operating Systems and Utility Programs Flashcards

1
Q

The operating system and utility programs that control a computer system and allow you to use your computer

A

System Software

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2
Q

Enables the boot process, launches applications, transfers
files, controls hardware configuration, manages files on the
hard drive, and protects from unauthorized use

A

System Software

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3
Q

Programs that allow a user to perform specific tasks on a
computer

A

Application Software

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4
Q

Word processing, playing games, browsing the Web,
listening to music, etc.

A

Application Software

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5
Q

A collection of programs that manage and
coordinate the activities taking place within a
computer

A

Operating System

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6
Q

Acts as an intermediary between the user and
the computer and between the application
programs and system hardware

A

Operating System

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7
Q

ENUMERATE: Functions of an Operating System

A

Interfacing the use (GUI)
Boot the computer
Configuring Device
Managing Network Connections
Managing and Monitoring Resources and Jobs
File Management
Security

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8
Q

ENUMERATE: Processing Techniques for Increased
Efficiency

A

Multitasking
Multithreading
Multiprocessing and Parallel Processing
Buffering and Spooling
Memory Management

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9
Q

The ability of an operating system to have more than one
program (task) open at one time

A

Multitasking

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10
Q

CPU rotates between tasks
● Switching is done quickly
● Appears as though all programs executing at the same
time

A

Multitasking

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11
Q

The ability to rotate between multiple threads so that
processing is completed faster and more efficiently

A

Multithreading

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12
Q

Sequence of instructions within a program that is
independent of other thread

A

Thread

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13
Q

Multiple processors (or multiple cores) are used in one
computer system to perform work more efficiently

A

Multiprocessing and Parallel Processing

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14
Q

Tasks are performed sequentially

A

Multiprocessing and Parallel Processing

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15
Q

Task are performed one right after the other

A

Sequential Processing

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16
Q

Multiple task are perform at the same time

A

Simultaneous Processing

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17
Q

Optimizing the use of main memory (RAM)

A

Memory Management

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18
Q

Memory-management technique that uses hard drive
space as additional RAM

A

Virtual Memory

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19
Q

Area in RAM or on the hard drive designated to hold data that is used by
different hardware devices or programs

A

Buffer

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20
Q

Placing items in a buffer so they can be retrieved by the appropriate device
when needed

A

Buffering/ Spooling

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21
Q

Require users to input commands using the
keyboard

A

Command Line Interface

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22
Q

Graphics based interface
Used by most operating systems

A

Graphical User Interface

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23
Q

DIfference of Operating Systems:

A

CLI and GUI

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24
Q

Categories of Operating Systems

A
  1. Personal (Desktop) Operating System
  2. Server (Network) Operating System
  3. Mobile and Embedded Operating System
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25
Q

Designed to be installed on a single computer

A

Personal (Desktop) Operating System

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26
Q

Designed to be installed on a network server

A

Server (Network) Operating System

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27
Q

Client computers still use a personal operating system

A

Server (Network) Operating System

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28
Q

controls access to network resources

A

Server (Network) Operating System

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29
Q

First 32-bit version of Windows designed for high-end
workstations and servers

A

Windows NT

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30
Q

Replaced by Windows 2000

A

Windows NT

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31
Q

Replaced both Windows 2000 and Windows Me

A

Windows XP

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32
Q

Replaced Windows XP
● Introduced the Aero interface and Sidebar feature

A

Windows Vista

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33
Q

● Released in late 2009
● Home Premium (primary version for home users)
● Professional (primary version for businesses)
● Libraries feature gives you virtual folders

A

Windows 7

34
Q

Designed to be used with smartphones, desktop
computers, with or without a keyboard or mouse
● Supports multi-touch input
● Includes Start screen, tiles, and charms bar

A

Windows 8

35
Q

Replaced Windows 8 and 8.1
● Includes new Start menu, Microsoft Edge, Cortana, Multiple
desktops and Task view, Action Center and Tablet mode

A

Windows 10

35
Q

Current version of Windows

A

Windows 11

36
Q

On _____Windows 11 was announced as the
successor to Windows 10 during a livestream. The new
operating system was designed to be more user-friendly and
understandable. It was released on _______________.

A

June 24, 2021; October 5, 2021

37
Q

True/False: Windows 11 will be a free upgrade to all Windows 10 users.

A

True

38
Q

The version of Windows designed for server use
● ____________ is the latest version
● Supports both virtualization and cloud computing

A

Windows Server 2012

39
Q

● Preinstalled on home server devices
● Designed to provide services for a home network
● Can be set up to back up all devices in the home on a
regular basis

A

Windows Home Server

40
Q

Proprietary operating system for computers made by
Apple Corporation

A

MacOS

41
Q

Based on the UNIX operating system

A

MacOS

42
Q

Originally set the standard for graphical user interfaces

A

MacOS

43
Q

Operating system developed in the late 1960s for midrange
servers

A

UNIX

44
Q

● Multiuser, multitasking operating system
● More expensive, requires high level of technical knowledge;
harder to install, maintain, and upgrade

A

UNIX

45
Q

Linux Developed by _____________ in 1991—resembles UNIX but
was developed independently

A

Linus Torvalds

46
Q

Is open-source software; has been collaboratively modified by
volunteer programmers all over the world
● Originally used a command line interface, most recent
versions use a GUI

A

Linux

47
Q

Strong support from mainstream companies, such as IBM,
NVIDIA, HP, Dell, and Novell and cost efficient

A

Linux

48
Q

most widely used linux operating system

A

Ubuntu

49
Q

The first cloud operating system

A

Chrome OS

50
Q

Replaces traditional desktop operating systems
●Is currently only available preinstalled on Chrome
devices

A

Chrome OS

51
Q

Latest version of Windows designed for smartphones

A

Windows Phone

52
Q

___________ is based on the Windows 8 operating
system

A

Windows Phone 8

53
Q

Designed primarily for consumer and industrial devices that
are not personal computers

A

Windows RT

54
Q

Designed for tablet use

A

Windows Embedded

55
Q

● Linux-based operating system created with current mobile
device capabilities in mind

A

Android

56
Q

● Can create applications that take full advantage of all the
features a mobile device has to offer

A

Android

57
Q

Android is open platform
● Current version is _____________

A

Android 14

58
Q

Devices support multitasking, multiple cores, NFC mobile
payment transactions, Internet phone calls

A

Android

59
Q

Designed for Apple Mobile phones and mobile devices

A

iOS

60
Q

Current version is iOS__

A

iOS 18

61
Q

Supports multitasking
● Includes Safari Web browser, the Siri intelligent
assistant, Facetime video calling, AirDrop to send
items to others, and apps for email, messaging, music,
and search

A

iOS

62
Q

● Designed for Blackberry devices

A

Blackberry OS/ Blackberry Playbook OS

63
Q

Creator of Blackberry OS

A

Blackberry Limited

64
Q

Other mobile operating systems based on Linux
besides Android and iOs
● Ubuntu, webOS, Firefox OS, and Tizen

A

Mobile Linux

64
Q

● Software that performs a specific task, usually
related to managing or maintaining the computer
system

A

Utility Program

65
Q

Many utilities are built into operating systems
(for finding files, viewing images, backing up
files, etc.)

A

Utility Program

66
Q

Utilities are also available as stand-alone
products and as suites

A

Utility Program

67
Q

Designed to search for documents and other files on the user’s hard
drive

A

Search Tools

68
Q

Enable the user to perform file management tasks, such as:
● Looking at the contents of a storage medium
● Copying, moving, and renaming files and folders
● Deleting files and folders

A

File Management Program

69
Q

File management program in Windows 8 is__________

A

File Explorer

70
Q

____________ evaluate your system and make recommendations
for fixing any errors found
____________________ diagnose and repair problems related to
your hard drive

A

Diagnostic Programs; Disk Management Programs

71
Q

Uninstall utilities remove programs from your hard
drive without leaving bits and pieces behind
● Important to properly uninstall programs, not just
delete them

A

Uninstall and Cleanup Utilities

72
Q

Software use to temp delete a file

A

Recycle Bin

73
Q

Reduce the size of files to optimize storage space and
transmission time

A

File Compression Programs

74
Q

File Compression Programs

A

WinZip and Stuffit

75
Q

Make the backup and restoration process easier

A

Backup and Recovery Utilities

76
Q

protect computers and users and it is
essential that all computer users protect themselves and their
computers

A

●Antivirus, Antispyware, Firewalls, and Other Security Programs

77
Q

Example of Antivirus

A

Avast, Windows Defender and etc.

78
Q

Utility Programs

A

Uninstall and Cleanup Utilities
File Compression Programs
Backup and Recovery Utilities
Antivirus, Antispyware, Firewalls, and Other Security Programs

Introduction to Computing (5 decks)

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