Lecture 4: Cognition and Emotion Flashcards
What is the difference between moods and emotions?
Moods = low intensity, enduring, without salient cause (no cognitive content) Emotions = intense, short-lived, definite cause (cognitive content)
What is a state?
Mood or affect - transient and variable.
What is a trait? What do they do for states?
Stable personality characteristic. Predisposed to certain states.
What are the 2 dimensions of state-space?
- Valence - +ive vs. -ive (facial muscle measures)
2. Arousal - calm vs. aroused (skin conductance)
Immediate and delayed recall is (better/worse) for high arousal dimensions.
Recognition memory performance is (faster/slower) for arousing images.
Better. Faster.
What is elaborative encoding?
Events associated with high arousal likely important for survival.
When comparing results of the standard and emotional stroop task, anxious patients slowed in the _______ condition. This is indicative of a …?
Emotion.
Anxiety related attentional bias
What was the major finding for anxious and normal people of the dot probe task?
Anxious: RTs shorter for threat-related probe
Normal: RTs shorter for neutral related probe
In a semantic network model, knowledge is represented in a _________ semantic network of interconnected _______. Distance between nodes represents ___________. A concept is defined by it’s connection to other ________.
hierarchical; similarity; concepts
What does taxonomic hierarchy entail? What is the primary benefit?
Membership to one category necessitates membership to another. Efficient mechanism for storing and retrieving information.
What is spreading activation?
A means of retrieving semantic memory.
In Bower’s Semantic Network theory, nodes represent _______ which are connected to related ________. Spreading activation ______ associated mood states and vice versa.
emotions; concepts/words; primes
What is the difference between MCM and MDM?
Mood Congruent Memory vs. Mood Dependent Memory.
Mood state at encoding/retrieval congruent with valence of material vs. mood state at encoding and mood state at retrieval (state dependent memory)
What is affective priming?
Depressed mood lowers threshold for associated concepts and events - more available for retrieval, whilst positively valenced concepts and memories inhibitied. Cycle of depressive thoughts.
Which of the following are true for anxiety disorders and MDDs:
i. unconscious
ii. efficient
iii. unintentional
iv. uncontrolled
Anxiety disorders: i. iii. iv.
MDDs: iv.
