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mimm 465 > Lecture 4: behr > Flashcards

Lecture 4: behr Flashcards

1
Q

name an enviromental bacteria

A

legionella

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2
Q

name a commensal bacteria

A

staph epi

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3
Q

name a host adapted pathogen

A

m tuberculosis

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4
Q

name an endosymbiont

A

mitochondria

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5
Q

true or false: it is possible that a pathogen is also a symboint

A

true

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6
Q

what is an opportunistic pathogen

A

do nto live to cause pathology but can cause disease

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7
Q

what are professional pathogens

A

pathology os a part of the life cycle of the pathogen

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8
Q

what is an obligate intracellular pathogen

A

you can’t grow the organism outside of the host
ex: tb

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9
Q

what are host associated pathogens

A

take away the host like human or cow and the organism disappears
-they are kinda host dependant

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10
Q

true or false: most bacteria do not make people sick

A

true

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11
Q

give an example of the fact that bacteria that do make people sick do not make everyone sick

A

campylobacter oral challenge 31/111 got sic

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12
Q

true or false: the capacity to cause disease=capacity to transmit

A

false
ex: bacterial meningitis sucks at spreading

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13
Q

where is legionella

A

cooling towers

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14
Q

where is staph aureus

A

nose

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15
Q

what makes bacteria sucessfu;

A

-find a nice and repoicate
ex: indoor plumbing or respiratory tract

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16
Q

optimal temp: 30c what it infect

A

fish, hand and feet

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17
Q

optimal temp: 37c what it infect

A

can proliferate in human bloodstream

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18
Q

is temperatire dependant growth a virulence factor

A

no

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19
Q

what is the growth rate in m tuberculosis and m bovis

A

slow growing mycobacteria

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20
Q

name the mycobacterium tubercilosis complex and whay they infect

A

M. tuberculosis complex (MTC):
– M. tuberculosis: human
– M. bovis: cow
– M. orygis: oryx?
– M. caprae: goat
– M. microti: vole

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21
Q

which type of disease can cause spillover infections

A

agents of tuberculosis can be misnomers

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22
Q

what dies mycobacterium avium cause

A

disseminated disease in aids and lymph node disease in kids

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23
Q

what does: M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cause

A

johns disease, postulated agent of chrohns disease

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24
Q

what does m leprae cause

A

leprosy

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25
Q

what does m ulcerans cause

A

buruli ulder aka bairnsdale ulcer

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26
Q

what does m abscessus cause

A

chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis

27
Q

which mycobacterium are associated with our bodies

A

-m tuberculosis and m lepreae

28
Q

which mycobacterium cause human disease

A

-abscessus
-avium
-yuberculosis
-bovis
-kansasii
-marinum
-leprae
-intracellulare

29
Q

which mycobacterium are enviromentak and cause disease

A

avium and abscessus

30
Q

which mycobacterium are enviromentak and cause no disease

A

gilvum and smegmatis

31
Q

which mycobacterium are human adapted and cause disease

A

tuberculosis and leprae

32
Q

latent tb infection:

A

– Clinically latent, i.e. hidden (asymptomatic)
– Non-infectious, tuberculin positive
-bacterial survival

33
Q

state of tb: visible pathology

A

 Tuberculosis is disease (visible pathology)
– Contagious, culture positive
– May or may not be symptomatic
-bacterial pathogenesis

34
Q

aerosol with tb travel to….

A

alveoli in lungs

35
Q

what does tb infect

A

alveolar macrophages

36
Q

tb tests and what they give you

A

q Bacteria killed on contact
ØIf no infection = Tuberculin skin test negative
q Bacteria resist defenses, persist
ØIf infection = Tuberculin skin test positive
q Bacteria replicate, disseminate
ØDisease = Culture-positive, i.e. contagious

37
Q

when is tb disease transmissible

A

when there is a retrograde infection via lymphatics aka apical disease
-there is a high perfusion

38
Q

what is the bgc vaccine

A

-VACCINE for tb given to 100 mil kids/year

39
Q

facts about the bcg vaccine

A

-strain of m bovis
-all lead to infectin but only 1/ 100 000 cause disease

40
Q

true or false: the bcg vaccine and tb are 90% similar

A

false they are 99%

41
Q

what is the rate of disease in tb

A

1/10 that gets infected

42
Q

where is tb from

A

africa

43
Q

where is m bovis from

A

france

44
Q

which technique was used to know which gene was present in tb but not bovis

A

microarray

45
Q

what was different with bovis vs tb

A

-rd1 was absent from all the bcg strains
-but always present in vitrulent strains

46
Q

rd1 what is is

A

9.5 kB, 9 open reading frames, none with known function
– Secreted antigenic proteins: ESAT-6, CFP-10 (used in testing)

47
Q

rd1 deletion analysis results:

A

A. RD1 mutant does not grow in macrophages
B. RD1 mutant lets macrophage live fine
C: rd1 mutant does not proliferate well in lungs of c57bl mice
-rd1 mutant does not disseminate as well in mice

48
Q

what does rd1 encode for

A

a type VII secretion system

49
Q

true or false: tb is a phagosomal pathogen

A

false it can go in the cytosol id rd1 is expressed

50
Q

 RD1-dependent activation of Type … interferons

A

1

51
Q

true or false: m.kansasii is an opportunistic pathogen

A

true, it lives in water

52
Q

can kansasii spread human to human

A

nah

53
Q

true or false: the rd1 locus is present in m kansasii

A

true

54
Q

truue or false: kansasii has a cell mediated immune response to esat6

A

true

55
Q

true or false:rd1 is necessary for full virulence of tb

A

true

56
Q

true or false: rd1 is sufficient for full virulence of tb

A

nah it is not sufficient cuz kansasii has it but is not as virulent

57
Q

what did they do to make kansasii as virulent as tb

A

they made it express Rv3377c and Rv3378c which are the genes of 1-TbAd

58
Q

true or false, kansasii reproduces slower than tb

A

true

59
Q

what happens when kansasii is able to produce tbad

A

survive in more acidic media

60
Q

true or false: tb is a molecular antiacid

A

true

61
Q

true or false: tb manipulates host to initiate dialogue

A

true

62
Q

tb: Process depends on a secretory system

A

– Intracellular spread (escape from phagosome to cytosol)
– Intercellular spread (death of cell, spread to next cell)

63
Q

what is rhodococcus:

A

 Rhodococcus is opportunistic pathogen
 Rhodococcus accesses the cytosol
 Rhodococcus activates type I interferon response
 RD1 locus? – unknown
 TbAd - no

64
Q
A

mimm 465 (6 decks)

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