Lecture 4: behr Flashcards
name an enviromental bacteria
legionella
name a commensal bacteria
staph epi
name a host adapted pathogen
m tuberculosis
name an endosymbiont
mitochondria
true or false: it is possible that a pathogen is also a symboint
true
what is an opportunistic pathogen
do nto live to cause pathology but can cause disease
what are professional pathogens
pathology os a part of the life cycle of the pathogen
what is an obligate intracellular pathogen
you can’t grow the organism outside of the host
ex: tb
what are host associated pathogens
take away the host like human or cow and the organism disappears
-they are kinda host dependant
true or false: most bacteria do not make people sick
true
give an example of the fact that bacteria that do make people sick do not make everyone sick
campylobacter oral challenge 31/111 got sic
true or false: the capacity to cause disease=capacity to transmit
false
ex: bacterial meningitis sucks at spreading
where is legionella
cooling towers
where is staph aureus
nose
what makes bacteria sucessfu;
-find a nice and repoicate
ex: indoor plumbing or respiratory tract
optimal temp: 30c what it infect
fish, hand and feet
optimal temp: 37c what it infect
can proliferate in human bloodstream
is temperatire dependant growth a virulence factor
no
what is the growth rate in m tuberculosis and m bovis
slow growing mycobacteria
name the mycobacterium tubercilosis complex and whay they infect
M. tuberculosis complex (MTC):
– M. tuberculosis: human
– M. bovis: cow
– M. orygis: oryx?
– M. caprae: goat
– M. microti: vole
which type of disease can cause spillover infections
agents of tuberculosis can be misnomers
what dies mycobacterium avium cause
disseminated disease in aids and lymph node disease in kids
what does: M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cause
johns disease, postulated agent of chrohns disease
what does m leprae cause
leprosy
what does m ulcerans cause
buruli ulder aka bairnsdale ulcer
what does m abscessus cause
chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis
which mycobacterium are associated with our bodies
-m tuberculosis and m lepreae
which mycobacterium cause human disease
-abscessus
-avium
-yuberculosis
-bovis
-kansasii
-marinum
-leprae
-intracellulare
which mycobacterium are enviromentak and cause disease
avium and abscessus
which mycobacterium are enviromentak and cause no disease
gilvum and smegmatis
which mycobacterium are human adapted and cause disease
tuberculosis and leprae
latent tb infection:
– Clinically latent, i.e. hidden (asymptomatic)
– Non-infectious, tuberculin positive
-bacterial survival
state of tb: visible pathology
Tuberculosis is disease (visible pathology)
– Contagious, culture positive
– May or may not be symptomatic
-bacterial pathogenesis
aerosol with tb travel to….
alveoli in lungs
what does tb infect
alveolar macrophages
tb tests and what they give you
q Bacteria killed on contact
ØIf no infection = Tuberculin skin test negative
q Bacteria resist defenses, persist
ØIf infection = Tuberculin skin test positive
q Bacteria replicate, disseminate
ØDisease = Culture-positive, i.e. contagious
when is tb disease transmissible
when there is a retrograde infection via lymphatics aka apical disease
-there is a high perfusion
what is the bgc vaccine
-VACCINE for tb given to 100 mil kids/year
facts about the bcg vaccine
-strain of m bovis
-all lead to infectin but only 1/ 100 000 cause disease
true or false: the bcg vaccine and tb are 90% similar
false they are 99%
what is the rate of disease in tb
1/10 that gets infected
where is tb from
africa
where is m bovis from
france
which technique was used to know which gene was present in tb but not bovis
microarray
what was different with bovis vs tb
-rd1 was absent from all the bcg strains
-but always present in vitrulent strains
rd1 what is is
9.5 kB, 9 open reading frames, none with known function
– Secreted antigenic proteins: ESAT-6, CFP-10 (used in testing)
rd1 deletion analysis results:
A. RD1 mutant does not grow in macrophages
B. RD1 mutant lets macrophage live fine
C: rd1 mutant does not proliferate well in lungs of c57bl mice
-rd1 mutant does not disseminate as well in mice
what does rd1 encode for
a type VII secretion system
true or false: tb is a phagosomal pathogen
false it can go in the cytosol id rd1 is expressed
RD1-dependent activation of Type … interferons
1
true or false: m.kansasii is an opportunistic pathogen
true, it lives in water
can kansasii spread human to human
nah
true or false: the rd1 locus is present in m kansasii
true
truue or false: kansasii has a cell mediated immune response to esat6
true
true or false:rd1 is necessary for full virulence of tb
true
true or false: rd1 is sufficient for full virulence of tb
nah it is not sufficient cuz kansasii has it but is not as virulent
what did they do to make kansasii as virulent as tb
they made it express Rv3377c and Rv3378c which are the genes of 1-TbAd
true or false, kansasii reproduces slower than tb
true
what happens when kansasii is able to produce tbad
survive in more acidic media
true or false: tb is a molecular antiacid
true
true or false: tb manipulates host to initiate dialogue
true
tb: Process depends on a secretory system
– Intracellular spread (escape from phagosome to cytosol)
– Intercellular spread (death of cell, spread to next cell)
what is rhodococcus:
Rhodococcus is opportunistic pathogen
Rhodococcus accesses the cytosol
Rhodococcus activates type I interferon response
RD1 locus? – unknown
TbAd - no
