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mimm 465 > Lecture 4: behr > Flashcards

Lecture 4: behr Flashcards

1
Q

name an enviromental bacteria

A

legionella

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2
Q

name a commensal bacteria

A

staph epi

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3
Q

name a host adapted pathogen

A

m tuberculosis

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4
Q

name an endosymbiont

A

mitochondria

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5
Q

true or false: it is possible that a pathogen is also a symboint

A

true

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6
Q

what is an opportunistic pathogen

A

do nto live to cause pathology but can cause disease

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7
Q

what are professional pathogens

A

pathology os a part of the life cycle of the pathogen

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8
Q

what is an obligate intracellular pathogen

A

you can’t grow the organism outside of the host
ex: tb

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9
Q

what are host associated pathogens

A

take away the host like human or cow and the organism disappears
-they are kinda host dependant

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10
Q

true or false: most bacteria do not make people sick

A

true

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11
Q

give an example of the fact that bacteria that do make people sick do not make everyone sick

A

campylobacter oral challenge 31/111 got sic

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12
Q

true or false: the capacity to cause disease=capacity to transmit

A

false
ex: bacterial meningitis sucks at spreading

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13
Q

where is legionella

A

cooling towers

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14
Q

where is staph aureus

A

nose

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15
Q

what makes bacteria sucessfu;

A

-find a nice and repoicate
ex: indoor plumbing or respiratory tract

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16
Q

optimal temp: 30c what it infect

A

fish, hand and feet

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17
Q

optimal temp: 37c what it infect

A

can proliferate in human bloodstream

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18
Q

is temperatire dependant growth a virulence factor

A

no

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19
Q

what is the growth rate in m tuberculosis and m bovis

A

slow growing mycobacteria

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20
Q

name the mycobacterium tubercilosis complex and whay they infect

A

M. tuberculosis complex (MTC):
– M. tuberculosis: human
– M. bovis: cow
– M. orygis: oryx?
– M. caprae: goat
– M. microti: vole

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21
Q

which type of disease can cause spillover infections

A

agents of tuberculosis can be misnomers

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22
Q

what dies mycobacterium avium cause

A

disseminated disease in aids and lymph node disease in kids

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23
Q

what does: M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cause

A

johns disease, postulated agent of chrohns disease

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24
Q

what does m leprae cause

A

leprosy

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25
what does m ulcerans cause
buruli ulder aka bairnsdale ulcer
26
what does m abscessus cause
chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis
27
which mycobacterium are associated with our bodies
-m tuberculosis and m lepreae
28
which mycobacterium cause human disease
-abscessus -avium -yuberculosis -bovis -kansasii -marinum -leprae -intracellulare
29
which mycobacterium are enviromentak and cause disease
avium and abscessus
30
which mycobacterium are enviromentak and cause no disease
gilvum and smegmatis
31
which mycobacterium are human adapted and cause disease
tuberculosis and leprae
32
latent tb infection:
– Clinically latent, i.e. hidden (asymptomatic) – Non-infectious, tuberculin positive -bacterial survival
33
state of tb: visible pathology
 Tuberculosis is disease (visible pathology) – Contagious, culture positive – May or may not be symptomatic -bacterial pathogenesis
34
aerosol with tb travel to....
alveoli in lungs
35
what does tb infect
alveolar macrophages
36
tb tests and what they give you
q Bacteria killed on contact ØIf no infection = Tuberculin skin test negative q Bacteria resist defenses, persist ØIf infection = Tuberculin skin test positive q Bacteria replicate, disseminate ØDisease = Culture-positive, i.e. contagious
37
when is tb disease transmissible
when there is a retrograde infection via lymphatics aka apical disease -there is a high perfusion
38
what is the bgc vaccine
-VACCINE for tb given to 100 mil kids/year
39
facts about the bcg vaccine
-strain of m bovis -all lead to infectin but only 1/ 100 000 cause disease
40
true or false: the bcg vaccine and tb are 90% similar
false they are 99%
41
what is the rate of disease in tb
1/10 that gets infected
42
where is tb from
africa
43
where is m bovis from
france
44
which technique was used to know which gene was present in tb but not bovis
microarray
45
what was different with bovis vs tb
-rd1 was absent from all the bcg strains -but always present in vitrulent strains
46
rd1 what is is
9.5 kB, 9 open reading frames, none with known function – Secreted antigenic proteins: ESAT-6, CFP-10 (used in testing)
47
rd1 deletion analysis results:
A. RD1 mutant does not grow in macrophages B. RD1 mutant lets macrophage live fine C: rd1 mutant does not proliferate well in lungs of c57bl mice -rd1 mutant does not disseminate as well in mice
48
what does rd1 encode for
a type VII secretion system
49
true or false: tb is a phagosomal pathogen
false it can go in the cytosol id rd1 is expressed
50
 RD1-dependent activation of Type ... interferons
1
51
true or false: m.kansasii is an opportunistic pathogen
true, it lives in water
52
can kansasii spread human to human
nah
53
true or false: the rd1 locus is present in m kansasii
true
54
truue or false: kansasii has a cell mediated immune response to esat6
true
55
true or false:rd1 is necessary for full virulence of tb
true
56
true or false: rd1 is sufficient for full virulence of tb
nah it is not sufficient cuz kansasii has it but is not as virulent
57
what did they do to make kansasii as virulent as tb
they made it express Rv3377c and Rv3378c which are the genes of 1-TbAd
58
true or false, kansasii reproduces slower than tb
true
59
what happens when kansasii is able to produce tbad
survive in more acidic media
60
true or false: tb is a molecular antiacid
true
61
true or false: tb manipulates host to initiate dialogue
true
62
tb: Process depends on a secretory system
– Intracellular spread (escape from phagosome to cytosol) – Intercellular spread (death of cell, spread to next cell)
63
what is rhodococcus:
 Rhodococcus is opportunistic pathogen  Rhodococcus accesses the cytosol  Rhodococcus activates type I interferon response  RD1 locus? – unknown  TbAd - no
64

mimm 465 (6 decks)

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