Lecture 4- Bacterias That Cause Infection

Question 1

How do cytoxins manifest in staphylococcus aureus

Answer 1

Attack cells and cause lesions

Question 2

Where do haemolysins toxins infect/circulate

Answer 2

Blood

Question 3

Where do haemolysins toxins infect/circulate

Answer 3

Blood

Question 4

How do enterotoxins manifest

Answer 4

Affects stomach/GI tract by causing vomiting diarrhea

Question 5

How do exfoliative toxins manifest

Answer 5

They cause rash, lesions, sores

Question 6

What enzyme is only present in staphylococcus aureus

Answer 6

Coagulase

Question 7

How does the enzyme coagulase and penicillinase make staphylococcus aureus a successful pathogen ?

Answer 7

Forms blood clots around bacteria ( which can feed it ) , slows down white blood cells which is our bodies host défense and is naturally defensive against penicillin

Question 8

What kind of diseases or infections can staphylococcus aureus create ?

Answer 8

• local skin infections leading to postules, boils
  -Pneaumonia (lungs)
  -food poisoning (stomach)

Question 9

Describe staphylococcus epidermis

Answer 9

It is an opportunistic pathogen since it’s regularly on our skin, but can cause infection in post operative setting or if it’s not where it should be ie on skin

Normal flora on skin and in mucous

Question 10

What infections can streptococcus pyogenes(group A)

Answer 10

Strep throat , which can lead to rheumatic heart disease
-skin infections , cellutis
Sepsis (autoiune )

Question 11

What toxins and antigens cause infections when it comes to group A ( alpha) streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 11

-mainly streptolysis (o and s), macrophages
- spes , scarlet fever rash

Question 12

What does hyaluronidase produced by streptococcus pyogenes do

Answer 12

It cause bacteria to multiply rapidly causing serious infection and mutated strains

Question 13

How does flesh . Eating disease work to infect it’s host

Answer 13

Hijacks plasminogen from blood to produce enzyme ( protease) which is good for spreading also codes enzymes which escape while blood cells and immune system

Question 14

How can streptococcus agalactiae (group B) cause infection

Answer 14

Opportunistic pathogen since,. It is resident flora in vagina. Can pass to baby causing neonatal infection

Question 15

How does streptococcus feacalis cause infection

Answer 15

Opportunistic pathogen,.it is resident in the GI tract and is resistant to antibiotics. Thus, if someone is taking antibiotics it will kill all thé Luther bactérie in thé GIF tract, allowing them to over populate and “take over “

Question 16

Viridens streptococci manifestation of infection

Answer 16

.normal flora in oral cavity but, can become opportunistic if A patient undergoes oral surgery and bacteria gets into bloodstream and invades different part of body. Can damage heart values

Question 17

How does streptococcus pneumoniae cause infection and why is it successful

Answer 17

It can cause pneumonia or meningitis and can produce A capsules protecting itself from immune system

Elderly , alcohols and people in confined spaces are more susceptible

Question 18

How does neisseria (N) meningitides cause infection

Answer 18

Causes meningitis from sugarcoated capsule which makes this bacteria more pathogenic. The naso-pharynx has this bacteria in healthy quantities.
- can also cause septicaemia, watercourse friedrechsen syndrome
-treatment: penicillin

Question 19

How does neisseria gonorrhoeae :
Cause infection

Answer 19

• True pathogen, so once entered will cause gonorrhoea

Question 20

What are symptoms, diagnosis, treatment of gonorrhoea

Answer 20

-Infection of urethra, women are usually asymptomatic
-Men use microscope of urethral swab, women need to grow anal or urethral sample in Petri dishes
- penicillin, but its becoming resistant and bacteria changes often thus no vaccine