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Plant Diversity and Reproduction > Lecture 4: Angiosperm; introduction and characteristics > Flashcards

Lecture 4: Angiosperm; introduction and characteristics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four main groups of land plants?

A

gymnosperms
angiosperms
pteridophytes
bryophytes

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2
Q

what is the most common out of all plant groups?

A

angiosperms

255 000 species world wide

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3
Q

How many species of angiosperms do we have in NZ

A

2300

- but only 25 species of gymnosperms here

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4
Q

true or false; gymnosperms provide raw materials for the pastoral economy in NZ

A

true

- found mostly in paddocks

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5
Q

What is taxonomy?

A
  • science of classification
  • groups organisms on the basis of shared common characters or similarities
  • characters must be homologous
  • latin name (genus and species)
  • modern classification are phylogenetic, that is they reflect evolutionary relationships
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6
Q

What are the benefits of taxonomy

A
  • allows you identify a characteristic immediately

- create a hierarchy of categories like family genus and species

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7
Q

What division do angiosperms belong to?

A

Anthophyta

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8
Q

what are the two groups that angiosperms have been divided into

A

monocots and dicots

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9
Q

How many species do monocots have

A

60 000

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10
Q

How many species do dicots have

A

195000

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11
Q

How many cotyledons do eudicots have

A

2

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12
Q

How many cotyledons do monocots have

A

1

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13
Q

How many flower parts do eudicots have

A

5s (usually)

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14
Q

How many flower parts do monocots have usually

A

3s

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15
Q

What are the veins of eudicots like?

A

veined

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16
Q

describe the structure of a monocot leaf

A

parallel

17
Q

Where are the roots of a eudicot derived from

A

radicle (tap)

18
Q

Where are the roots of a monocot derived from?

A

highly adventitous

19
Q

Describe the vascular bundles of a eudicot

A

open in a ring (has cambium)

20
Q

Describe the vascular bundles of a monocot

A

closed and scattered (no cambium)

21
Q

How are angiosperms classified ( which organ determines the classification)

A

mostly the flower part

22
Q

What do the scientific names of flowers end in usually?

A

aceae

23
Q

What are the unifying features of angiosperms?

A
  • they have specialized structures for reproduction called flowers
  • they have distinctive life cycle with an extreme reduction of the gametophyte or haploid phase
  • seeds are enclosed in a protective structure and borne in fruit
24
Q

What are whorls and how many sets do flowers have

A
  • whorls are set of structures

- flowers have 4 whorls

25
Q

What are the 4 whorls of flowers?

A

carpel (gynoecium)
androecium (stamens)
corolla (petals)
calyx (sepals)

26
Q

What are the seeds of flowers enclosed in?

A

in an ovary

- which develops into a fruit

27
Q

What does the word angiosperm translate to in english?

A

seed vessel

28
Q

true or false; flowers are modified shoots

A

true

29
Q

true or false; ovules don’t have to be fertilized to form seeds

A

false; ovules must be fertilized

30
Q

true or false; in monocotyledons having the same colored petals as the sepals is common

A

true

31
Q

what is an inflorescence

A

cluster or grouping of individual flowers

32
Q

Define placentation

A

the manner of ovule attachment within the ovary

33
Q

What is a peduncle

A

stalk of inflorescence

34
Q

What is a pedicel

A

stalk of individual flower in an inflorescence

35
Q

What is a carpel

A

contains ovules which develops into seeds after fertilization while the carpel itself develops into the fruit wall

36
Q

What is a receptacle

A

where flower parts are attached

37
Q

What is a filament

A

slender stalk

38
Q

what is an anther

A

contains microsporangia

Plant Diversity and Reproduction (7 decks)

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