Lecture 4 Flashcards
What is the difference between being physically inactive and sedentary?
PI: Not meeting physical activity guidelines
Sed: not meeting the guidelines
-We know that they are cumulative in terms of risk to your health
Are Sed and PI dependent risk factors?
No, Both are independent risk factors
• People who are sed have an increase risk of being physically inactive
How do you assess the public health impacts of PI?
• Look at the prevalence of inactivity
• Estimate the proportion of disease that is attributable to inactivity
○ If it leads to disease then we want to look at it
• Estimate the financial burden
○ How much it costs
What is the % chance you develop Type 2 DM if you are PI?
almost 75% of developing if PI
If you are PI what are you at risk of developing?
Coronary artery Stroke Hypertension Colon Cancer Breast Cancer Type 2 DM Osteoporosis
What % of total health care costs are attributed to PI?
4% of 7 billion
What can we do to the 4% of healthcare costs to reduce it?
This is a lifestyle choice and is hard to change. But it is a modifyable risk factor to disease
What is the definition of sedentary behaviour?
Any waking behaviour characterized by an energy expenditure pof less than 1.5 METs while in a sitting or reclining position
-1MET is sitting down and doing completely nothing, not moving
What are some activities that are classified as sedentary behaviour?
• Sitting for long period of time -Accumulated a lot of time at once then that’s really bad • Motorized transportation • Watching tv • Playing passive video games • Playing on a computer
What are the harms of being sedentary?
Independent of physical activity being sed also increases your risk of:
- disease,
- lowers
- mortality
In children and youth, what is TV watching more than 2 hours/day was associated with?
○ Unfavourable body comp -Increase BMI, fat mass ○ Decrease fitness ○ Lowered scored on self esteem ○ Lowered scores on pro social behaviour - Increase behaviour problems, aggression ○ Decreased academic achievement
When eating infant of the TV how many more cals are you consuming?
228cals more
~3.6kg wt gain per year
Why is eating infant of a TV bad?
Provides a distraction of a habituation that indices over eating.
Not paying attention to satiety cues
What should we promote instead of eating in-front of the tv?
eating at a table, conversation,
seeing what parents are eating,
belonging to a group
sharing
• Kids less likely to do the risky behaviours, like drinking, smoking and teen pregnancies
What happens when kids sit infront of a TV and eat then told they aren’t allowed to go outside or have energetic play inside?
• When kids infront of TV they eat, more cals eaten, this trend is increasing .
If this isnt offset by expenditure then we have more wt gain
How does media influence dietary intake in children?
• Use of celebs and sports figures • Sponsorship • Branding • Incentives and promos • Product placement (in stores) • Advertisements like pop up adds • Advergames Word of mouth
Can we access consumer market research that big companies are doing?
Don’t have access to hwat research they have on consumer markets because they privately pay for it
-so we would have to pay big $$ for it
How many add/yr do children see online?
• Currently canadian children see about 25 million food amd beverage add per year on their fav website, 90% of which are unhealthy prodcuts
How many adds dochildren see per hours of watching TV?
• Children view 4-5 ads per hour of TV of which 65-80% of porducts do not meet current dietary guidelines
Are there any measures in place to prevent advertising unhealthy foods to children?
To date only voluntary measures have been ased of companies and have been relatively unsuccessful
○ They advertised more to kids even though they said they’d join the initiative
○ With the regulations in the works they are deciding what % areas on the web to ban advertising
○ Figuring out what to ban, product has 15% or more of sugar fat and salt. Could have some casualties along with deciding
What things influence kids and adolescents beverage choices?
○ Music ○ Slogans ○ Celebs ○ Repeated exposure ○ Cool and funny ○ Attractive packaging
How much time per day are children/youth being sedentary?
Children and youth are spending 8.6hours a day 62% in sedentary pursuits.
-Don’t take into account homework but make it up in the weekend
What are the reasons for sedentary behaviour in children?
entertainment,
social time
boredom
What are the factors that influence the use of sedentary time?
○ Attitudes toward screen time and PAscreens in bedroom
○ Participation in sports or afterschool programming
- Need access
○ Parental rules and behaviours
- Eating together, no screens in rooms
○ Fam income
Access to resources to do the other things
Based on successful SED interventions what are the results of reductions in SED behaviour ?
Improve PA
Improve diet, including decreased SSB consumption
What do multicomponent interventions need to have?
Nutrition
PA
Why are SED interventions more successful in the home environment and not at school?
Non education setting are more successful in school cause they are sitting more at home, in that 2 hours after school
-they need to sit and pay attention in school
○ Need more alternatives in the home environemtn. Don’t tell kids not to waytch tv then not give them something else as an option
How many hours a day are adults and older adults being sedentary?
Adults 10hrs/day bing sed
• Not even spread out well
Older adults 5-9hrs/day being sed
• More time to be active
What are the factors affecting SED time in adults at the individual level?
• Age • PA level • BMI • SES (education, income, employment) • Mood (attitudes, enjoyment, stress) • Married - Can be beneficial or hinderance • Having children - Can be beneficial or hinderance
What are the factors affecting SED time in adults at the environmental level?
- Proximity to green space
- Neighbourhood walkability and safety
- weather
Can you be active and sedentary?
You can be meeting the 150/day HITT and getting all the CV benefits but you can still be sedentary
Who is adiposity tissue highest in?
people that are inactive and sedentary
-One and not the other is better but not the best
Who is more active, girls or boys?
Boy are more active but they also sit more
What is the best predictor of health?
Moderate to vigorous physical activity is still the best predictor of health.
- Although sedentary eats away at the benefit of the moderate to vigorous activity
How dow e break up prolonged sitting?
- Standing desks
- Bathroom breaks
- Weights in office
- Walking mettings
- Don’t watch advertisement/commercials
- Something to beep at you to move/stretch
- Kids can earn screen time
What is nature deficit disorder?
Children are spenfing more time indoors which leads to:
- Less PA
- More sedentary behaviour (especially if confined to house)
What is the important of free unstructured play?
• Promotes creativity and imagination
• Builds dexterity and physical strength
• Leads to healthy brain development
- Learn to work in groups
- Learn to share negotiate and resolve conflicts
- Learn self advocacy skills
• Time outside increase PA
- By 27mins if they were outside for1hr
• More nature (less stress and better attention)
• Added benefit and appreciation for the environment and potential desire to preserve it
In the position statement what reasons do they give for outdoor play being safer than you think?
- odds are very low that someone will take your kid
- serious injuries aren’t common
- kid more likely to die in car
In the position statement, what re the reasons they give that its bad for kids to spend too much time inside?
- on screens more they are more likely to encounter cyber-predators
- Air quality not as great
- increase in developing chronic diseases because of all the sedentary behaviour
What is hyper-parenting?
Limits physical activity and can harm mental health
- when kids are supervised outside they are less active
- over-scheduling
- playdates
What kind of play structures do kids prefer?
Natural play structures
-natural environment
Based on the position statement why is outdoor play good?
- Facilitates socialization with peers, community and environment
- Reduces feelings of isolation
- builds interpersonal skills
- Facilitates healthy development
