Lecture 4 Flashcards
what is a “Point Source” category of pollution?
- A single, identifiable source of anthropogenic contamination that can be isolated and controlled
- Early environmental legislation of the 1970s
- Examples: smoke stacks, drainage pipes, nuclear power plant
What is a “Non-Point Source” category of pollution?
A diffuse, unidentifiable source of anthropogenic contamination. Much harder to control
- Not legislatively included until 1990s
- Examples: Cows, row crops, a highway, general air pollution
- *Large things and multiple things**
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describe Industrial Pollutants (3)
- Leaking oil from ships, mining acid pools, chemical manufacturing, metal waste from car manufacturing
- Industrial waste is poorly handled by sewage treatment
- Oceans more affected, Freshwater more sensitive
Describe where the Animas River is and what happened here and why it was so important
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Discharge into Atmosphere is primarily from….
- combustion activities, organic breakdown
- Greenhouse Gases
- CO2 from combustion
- Cows emit up to 500 L of CH4 per day! • -Acid Rain
describe Ozone/Smog
- Fossil emissions, smoke, particulate
- Ozone: CO2 & NOX are ionized by sunlight to form O3
- O3 aggravates asthma, allergies, lung irritation
describe CFCs/Ozone
- CFC flame retardant & coolant
* Sorbs to ice particles in winter, aerosolized in spring
the EPA, CWA, CAA, ad ESA all came about because of which president?
Nixon
what does COD stand for ?
chemical oxygen demand
what is the equation for respiration? (backwards photosynthesis)
O2+C6H12O6–> H2O + CO2
What BOD stand for? describe what this is
Biological Oxygen Demand
-how much dissolved oxygen needs to be present for bacteria to break down 1L of sewage
what is so special about the Gulf Dead Zone
- there is lots of organic material to break down but not enough oxygen
- there is functionally no dissolved oxygen in the dead zone
what is oil?
a bunch of sugar just strung together differently
what is pyrite?
fools gold
what is permafrost?
a thick subsurface layer of soil that remains frozen throughout the year, occurring chiefly in polar regions.
*don’t know if I need to know this or not
man made chemicals
xenobiotic
At what temperature is water the most dense?
4 degrees Celsius
-the molecules are packed together the tightest and can fit more oxygen
finish this reaction:
H2O + NaCl–>
HCl + NaOH
what is mineralization?
decomposition or oxidation of the chemical compounds in organic matter into plant-accessible forms
*don’t know if need to know this or not
What does Labile mean?
being released into the environment and easily transitioning
what does thermohaline mean
thermo means temperature and haline means salt.
what is the Quantification of Release for Kyoto 1992
Reduce CO2 to 1990 levels by 200
what is the quantification of release for Paris 2015
Limit CO2 so as to incur no more than 2 degrees Celsius increase
