Lecture 4 Flashcards
Hunger-Obesity Paradox ***WILL BE ON EXAM!! Describe
Overeating when food is available (beginning of the month.
People become efficient at storing fat (survival)!
What helps with weight control?
Mealplanning
What makes us choose food?
Taste, cost, convenience
Energy Density?
weight/ volume of food.
Higher energy density– A lot of calories for a low weight ex. white pasta, bread, rice
lower energy density— few calories for a low weight/ volume
ex. fruit, veggies, whole grains
What are problems of excess body fat?
respiratory-- sleep apnea type 2 diabetes heart disease hypertension increased risk of breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer
BMI
doesn’t measure body fat
kg/m^2 ( i think) –check my notes
Methods for assessing body composition?
skin-fold thickness
underwater weighing
Visceral Fat **WILL BE TESTED!!!
interior fat! Central Obesity Fat between muscle and the organ Poses health risks tight stomach (Protruding belly)
Subcutaneous Fat
No health risk
butt and thigh fat
Waist circumference
as waist size increases disease increases
St point theory
Resits weight change– defend a certain body weight
can increase with long term overeating
can decrease with long term physical activity
satiety
feeling of fullness and satisfaction
Hunger– physiological response
appetite– psychological response
How does leptin work???
long term–regulating body fat
Weight loss=less leptin–> increased energy intake and decreased energy expenditure
weight gain= more leptin–> decreased energy intake and increased expenditure
**DOESNT MAKE SENSE?? *******EXPLAIN TO ME!!
What is Ghrelin?
regulating energy balance
hormone in stomach
stimulate desire to eat
What is CCK?
regulating energy balance
hormone
small intestines (digestion)
goes from blood –> brain to suppress appetite
What contribute to obesity?
Thrifty Metabolism— efficient at storing fat/energy
Adaptive thermogenesis– decreased energy expenditure
Brown adipose tissue– higher mitochondria content, helps keep body warm
Treatment/ What is obesity
chronic disorder-- leads to other illnesses **better c success with cancer treatment for treatment: should be overweight risk factors for chronic diseases MOTIVATED
Diet composition for weight management
Eat less!
Compliance– have to stick with the plan! taste. cost, availability/convenience is important!
olive oil– health benefits and satiety
Low carb diets–
you eat less since carbs are in so many foods
Not healthy long term!
Components of Healthy Weight Loss Program
Control of energy (calories do count)
Compliance is key!
Low Fat leads to Hunger!
slow weight loss
increase in energy expenditure– to maintain weight loss
change behavior
food included should improve health–***FLYNN SAID IMPORTANT
Fad Diet
Promise of fast weight loss selling product Why work? people eat less eating behaviors not changed testimonials from famous people
