Lecture 4 Flashcards
Synthesis
putting together ideas from different sources.
* In order to synthesize your research in an interesting and appealing way
for your audience you must:
– find reliable sources;
– read each one carefully;
– analyze the findings and conclusions;
– summarize each source; and
– come to a logical conclusion of your own.
Synthesis 1: integrating
After finding your sources, begin to assimilate them.
– To assimilate means to take other people’s ideas and incorporate them into your
essay.
* This stage demonstrates that you can integrate someone else’s ideas
with your own.
Synthesis II: Composing
This stage is where you will begin writing the first draft.
* You can integrate your sources through:
– summarizing;
– paraphrasing; and
– quoting.
* The kind of evidence used is discipline specific. Subjects using APA tend
to rely more on summary and paraphrase, whereas subjects using MLA
tend to rely more on direct quotation and analysis.
List of criteria to help you determine the quality
of a potential source?
Has the source been analyzed by others in the field?
– Is the source available through a reputable organization?
– What are the author’s credentials?
Abstract
An abstract is a short summary that precedes most academic journal articles.
uniform resource locator (URL)
is the address of specific internet content.
digital object identifier (DOI)
is a number-letter sequence beginning with the number 10 that is often found on documents obtained from
online databases.
Database
is a collection of related data organized for quick access.
To use contradictory evidence effectively you must
– think critically to assess the findings and try to discover why they are different;
– acknowledge and qualify such sources by briefly discussing their limitations; and
– use a source with contradictory evidence as a springboard into your argument.
Notes about the internet
Use the CARS test to assess sources.
* Anyone can publish online so not all information is credible.
* Assess the site’s creator and double check the information to determine
reliability.
* Remember to question the author’s motivation to distinguish between
reasoned arguments and opinions.
Intentional plagiarism
– using sections, sentences, or phrases without acknowledgement;
– buying an essay from an Internet company or another person;
– submitting a friend’s essay as your own; or
– reusing a paper you wrote for another class
Unintentional plagiarism
– take careless notes;
– improperly document sources; or
– do not know much about plagiarism in general.
Parentheses
a form of punctuation that may enclose text that explains or expands on something.
Why are citations important
Using citations is important because they give credit to the original
author or creator.
– Improperly citing or not referencing a source at all is plagiarism
