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KIN 411: Neuroanatomy > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the accronym for meningial layers

A

PAD (pia, arachnoid, dura)

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2
Q

Describe symptoms of damage to the midbrain (from herniation)

A

hemiplegia, damage to reticular formation-> coma, damage to optic nerve-> affcets dilation of the eye

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3
Q

Layer of dura that does not continue to spinal cord and where it ends

A

periosteal layer fuses with bone at level of foramen magnum, outer layer of dura becomes indistingiushable from periostium

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4
Q

Layer of dura that continues down spinal cord, function

A

meningeal layer, acts like a sheath

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5
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

pia

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6
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

arachnoid

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7
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

CSF in subarachnoid space

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8
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

dura (thecal sac)

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9
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

epidural fat

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10
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

periostium

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11
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

ligamentum flavum

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12
Q

layer of meningies surrounding CNS (including spinal cord)

A

pia mater

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13
Q

location of epidural fat in spinal canal

A

between the dura and the periostium

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14
Q

Order of layers in spinal canal (inside-out)

A

pia, subarachnoidchoid space, arachnoid, dura (thecal sac), epidural fat, ligamentum flavum, periostium

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15
Q

intervertebral foramen

A

opening between vertebrae allow spinal nerves to exit

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16
Q

meningeal layers that form sheath around spinal nerves

A

meningeal and arachnoid mater

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17
Q

vertebral foramen

A

opening between body and spinous processes of veretbrae which allow SC to traverse down

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18
Q

Identify this structure

A

spinal nerve

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19
Q

Identify this structure of spinal cord

A

intervertebral foramen

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20
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

epidural fat

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21
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

pia

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22
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

CSF in subarachnoid space

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23
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

arachnoid

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24
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

dura

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25
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

ligamentum flavum

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26
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

periostium

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27
Q

Identify this layer of spinal cord

A

plexus of veins (batson’s plexus) and arteries in epidural fat

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28
Q

where does pia extend to and what structure does it form

A

extends into coccygeal regions, extends off base of spinal cord and forms the filum terminale. It also extends out laterally from spinal cord to form denticulate ligaments which are pinned to dura nerve sheath and function to hold spinal cord in place

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29
Q

Identify this layer

follows contours of SC

A

pia mater

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30
Q

Identify this layer

A

arachnoid mater

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31
Q

Identify this layer

A

dural mater

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32
Q

Mater on inside of spinal cord

A

grey mater

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33
Q

mater on outside of spinal cord

A

white mater

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34
Q

Decribe where ceribrospinal fluid transmitted

A

CSF is tranmitted throughout the cortex and spinal cord in the subarachnoid space

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35
Q

Produces CSF

A

CSF created by choroid plexus

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36
Q

Location of choroid plexus

A

located in ventricles, primarily lateral ventricles but also third ventricle and other parts of ventricular system

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37
Q

Where CSF absorbed

A

CSF is absorbed into the bloodstream through arachnoid granulations into sinuses in brain and enters the blood

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38
Q

Describe CSF

A

plasma like, colourless

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39
Q

List the four functions of cerebrospinal fluid

A
  1. layer of protection- acts like a cushion around CNS
  2. Provides buoyancy for brain- brain floating in fluid reduces its relative mass of object reduces weight of brain pressing down on brainstem
  3. excretion of metabolites and foreign substances- waste back into bloodstream
  4. Hormones and nutrient transport to brain and spinal cord
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40
Q

hydrocephalus

A

too much CSF in brain, increased brain pressure

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41
Q

Describe lateral ventricles

A

horn-like structures on lateral surface

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42
Q

components of the lateral ventricles

A

anterior horn, body, atrium, posterior horn, inferior horn

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43
Q

Identify this structure

A

Lateral ventricle

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44
Q
A

frontal (anterior) horn

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45
Q

Identify this structure

A

body

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46
Q

Identify this structure

A

temporal (inferior horn)

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47
Q

Identify this structure

A

occipital (posterior) horn

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48
Q

Identify this structure

A

interventricular foramen of monro

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49
Q

Identify this structure

A

third ventricle

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50
Q

Identify this structure

A

cerebral aqueduct

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51
Q

Identify this structure

A

central canal

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52
Q

Identify this structure

A

fourth ventricle

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53
Q

Identify this structure

54
Q

Identify this structure

55
Q

Identify this structure

A

lateral ventricle frontal anterior horn

56
Q

Identify this structure

A

third ventricle

57
Q

Identify this structure

A

lateral ventricle body

58
Q

Identify this structure

A

suprapineal recess

59
Q

Identify this structure

A

pineal recess

60
Q

Identify this structure

A

lateral ventricle, atrium

61
Q

Identify this structure

A

foramen of magendie

62
Q

Identify this structure

A

lateral recess of fourth ventricle and foramen of luschka

63
Q

Identify this structure

A

central canal of spinal cord

64
Q

Identify this structure

A

lateral ventricle, occiptal (posterior) horn

65
Q

Identify this structure

A

fourth ventricle

66
Q

Identify this structure

A

cerebral aquduct of sylvius

67
Q

Identify this structure

A

lateral ventrickle, temporal (inferior) horn

68
Q

location of foramen of magendie and foramen of luschka

A

base of 4th ventricle, connect to subarachnoid space.
Formen of magendie- more lateral, foramen of magendie in the midline posterior to 4th ventricle

69
Q

location of cerebral aquaduct

A

runs through midline of midbrain

70
Q

Identify this structure

A

anterior horns of lateral ventricles

71
Q

Identify this structure

A

interventricular foramina of monro

72
Q

Identify this structure

A

third ventricle

73
Q

Identify this structure

A

ventral part of lateral ventricle

74
Q

Identify this structure

A

posterior horns of lateral ventricles

75
Q

Identify this structure

A

inferior hornes of lateral ventricles

76
Q

Identify this structure

A

fourth ventricle

77
Q

Identify this structure

A

cerebral aquduct

78
Q

Identify this structure

A

median formamen of magendie

79
Q

Identify this structure

A

lateral foramen of luschka

80
Q

Identify this structure

A

central canal

81
Q

Describe the flow of CSF

A

choloid plexus in lateral ventricles-> third ventricle through interventricular foramen of monro-> fouth ventricle via the cerebral aquaduct (aquaduct of sylvius). CSf leaves ventricular system via formane of luscka and magendie, to perculate around the brain and spinal cord in the subarachnoid space and is reabsorbed by the arachnoid granulation in the dural venous sinuses back into the bloodstream

82
Q

cisterns

A

where subarchnoid space widens to form larger collevtion of CSF

83
Q

Describe two prominant cisterns and location

A

cistern magna- at base of skull
lumbar cistern- at tail end of spinal cord, clinically sihgnificant (spinal tap to draw CSF)

84
Q

how CSF circulates

A

pulsation of arteries, mostly due to pressure of ventricular system

85
Q

walls of third ventricle formed by

A

thalamus and hypothalamus

86
Q

Identify this structure

87
Q

Identify this structure

A

arachnoid mater

88
Q

Identify this structure

A

arachnoid villi

89
Q

Identify this structure

A

choroid plexus if third ventricle

90
Q

Identify this structure

91
Q

Identify this structure

A

choroid plexus of fourth ventricle

92
Q

Identify this structure

A

spinal cord

93
Q

Identify this structure

A

central canal

94
Q

Identify this structure

A

subarachnoid space

95
Q

Identify this structure

A

arachnoid membrane

96
Q

Identify this structure

A

dura mater

97
Q

Identify this structure

A

lateral ventricle

98
Q

Identify this structure

A

choriod plexus

99
Q

Identify this structure

A

arachnoid granulations

100
Q

Identify this structure

A

superior sigittal sinus

101
Q

Identify this structure

A

aquaduct of sylvius

102
Q

Identify this structure

A

fourth ventricle

103
Q

Identify this structure

A

foramen of magendie

104
Q

Identify this structure

A

foramen of monro

105
Q

Identify this structure

A

third ventricles

106
Q

Identify this structure

A

cervicomedullary junction

107
Q

Identify this structure

A

foramen magnum

108
Q

spinal segment

A

portion of spinal cord that gives rise to a spinal nerve

109
Q

location of grey matter in spinal cord

110
Q

location of white matter in spinal cord

111
Q

Identify this structure

A

ventral (anterior) horn

112
Q

Identify this structure

A

intermediate zone

113
Q

Identify this structure

A

dorsal (posterior) horn

114
Q

Identify this structure

A

dorsal column

115
Q

Identify this structure

A

dorsal root (sensory)

116
Q

Identify this structure

A

dorsal root ganglion

117
Q

Identify this structure

A

sensory neuron

118
Q

Identify this structure

A

spinal nerve

119
Q

Identify this structure

A

ventral root (motor)

120
Q

Identify this structure

A

lateral column

121
Q

Identify this structure

A

ventral column

122
Q

Identify this structure

A

motor neuron

123
Q

Identify this structure

A

ventral median fissure

124
Q

Identify this structure

A

anterolateral sulcus (left and right)

125
Q

Identify this structure

A

dorsal median septum

126
Q

Identify this structure

A

posterolateral sulcus (left and right)

127
Q

dorsal (posterior) horn involved in _____ processing

A

sensory processing

128
Q

intermediate zone contains ____

A

interneurons and specialised nuclei

129
Q

ventral (anterior) horn contains _____

A

motor neurons

130
Q

motro neurons send tehir axons out of spinal cord via

A

ventral nerve root filaments

131
Q

columns of white mater in spinal cord

A

dorsal (posterior) column, lateral columns, ventral (anterior) column

KIN 411: Neuroanatomy (20 decks)

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