lecture 4 Flashcards
what is cognition of social objects?
perception, learning(casual judgement) and memory
Social cognition refers to the cognitive processes involved in perceiving, interpreting, and responding to social information.
what is the difference between sensation and perception?
Sensation: the input, detecting stimulus
Perception: what you think about input, mental representation of stimulus
the process with which we interpret the sensations experienced by us in our day-to-day life and then we act upon them is called perception.
Sensation refers to that process through which our sense organs receive information from the environment.
Perception implies the process through which the brain selects, integrates, organizes, and interprets sensory information.
what is knowledge?
Knowledge: perception, memory, belief
who came up with the nativist view?
rene descartes
what is the nativist view?
Knowledge is innate
Evolutionary / genetic heritage
who came up with the empiricist view?
john locke
what is the empiricist view?
Knowledge comes from the sense
Requires experiences and learning
Reflections on experiences
Which view do psychologists endorse?
Empiricist view (john locke)
what are the two views on perception
Ecological View and Constructivist View
who came up with the Constructivist View
Hermann von Helmholtz
who came up with the ecological view
Eleanor J. Gibson
what is the constructivist view
Stimulus inherently ambiguous
Supplement with knowledge and inference
Beyond info given
build upon existing knowledge to understand better and apply new concepts.
active role of learners in building their own understanding.
Rather than passively receiving information, learners reflect on their experiences, create mental representations, and incorporate new knowledge into their schemas.
what is the ecological view
Information “in the light”
Perceptual system evolved to extract information
No inferences, little to no learning
what is the perception of nonsocial objects (object perception)
Physical features
Functional features (what is it used for)
what is the perception of social objects (social perception)
Focus on interactions
Personal identity: who are they?
Physical appearances: what do they look like?
Demographic features: which groups do they belong to?
Behaviors: what are they doing?
Mental states: what are they thinking and feeling?
Personality: what are they like in general?
Relations: what are the relationships between them?
what view does social perception have?
constructivist view (background knowledge)
what is the study of descriptions of other people
Participants think about person, write about person, researchers identify the content using coding system
Appearance, origins, personality, behavior, relationship, context
what is the problem with the study descriptions of other people
Not a clear separation from the perceptions (appearance can clash with their relationships with others)
Pre-defined coding system may limit researchers to categories that they have anticipated but miss those they do not expect
