LECTURE 4 Flashcards
What is Oxygen Consumption?
The amount of oxygen consumed by exercising muscles which is an indicator of energy expenditure during exercise
What is Oxygen Deficit?
Lack of oxygen uptake at the beginning of exercise depends on the intensity of exercise
What is EPOC?
Excess Postexercise oxygen Consumption is when the Oxygen is still elevated after exercise and is necessary to return to resting levels
EPOC Rapid VS Slow
Rapid - mostly replenish ATP-CP system
Slow - Gluconeogenesis (LA->Glucose) and elevated body temp, hormones, and breathing
What is VO2 max?
Maximal oxygen uptake that an individual can consume per minute during exercise that is a indicator of maximal aerobic power and fitness
What is Relative VO2 max?
Units L/min adjusting for body mass takes into account differences in body size
What is relative VO2 max?
Units ml/kg/min more accurately representing endurance exercise capacity
What mainly affects VO2 max?
Appox 40-50% is genetically determined and training can make it increase
What is the lactate threshold?
During subliminal exercise lactate concentration in the blood remains at a lear resting threshold and as exercise intensity increases there is a point where your body begins to produce more lactate than it can eliminate
What is the anaerobic exercise capacity concept and how does it work?
AEC is the exercise capacity during exercise using energy from immediate and anaerobic glycolytic systems and the total amount of work that can be done in a specific amount of time
What is Anaerobic power?
Max power produced in all out exercise test – first 2-3 seconds
True or False: during exercise the anaerobic threshold occurs well before the lactic acid threshold
False; they occur at the same time
How is deoxygenated blood circulated from the muscles to the heart and oxygenated blood carried back out to the muscles?
- Muscles send deoxygenated blood to heart
- Right side of the heart receives the deoxygenated blood and sends it to lungs
- Lungs oxygenate blood, O2 travels to smallest part of lungs: Alveoli
- O2 diffuse from alveoli to blood
- Blood is sent back to left side of heart
- Left side of heart receives oxygenated bloods and sends it to muscles/tissues
Order of Cardiorespitory system from largest to smallest
Arteries, Arterioles, Venules, Veins
* = deoxygenated
What are the Arteries?
Blood vessels in which blood flows away from heart; contains oxygenated blood
What are the Arterioles?
Smaller blood vessels that extend and brach from arteries
What are capillaries?
The smallest blood vessel and site of gas exchange
What is cardiac output (Q) and all it’s components, and how does it work during exercise?
Q represents the ability to circulate blood and deliver oxygen to working muscles
Q(L/min) = HR (bpm) x SV(ml/beat)
What is the primary factor limiting the ability to circulate blood and deliver oxygen to working muscles?
Cardiac output, pulmonary diffusion and blood volume/flow
What is the distribution of blood during exercise?
It is not uniformly distributed throughout the body, during submaximal around 50% is directed to resting muscle and during maximal exercise 80% is to working muscle.
What is O2 Extraction? (AO2 - VO2)
Amount of O2 that is taken up by the muscle, oxygen extraction by skeletal muscle increases during exercise
Fick Equation
Determining rate at which oxygen is being used during physical activity – VO2 = HR x SV x A-VO2
What does Blood blow provide and remove during exercise
Provides:
- Oxygen
- Glucose
- fatty acids
Remodes:
- Carbon dioxide
- Lactic Acid
- Heat
