LECTURE 4

Question 1

What is Oxygen Consumption?

Answer 1

The amount of oxygen consumed by exercising muscles which is an indicator of energy expenditure during exercise

Question 2

What is Oxygen Deficit?

Answer 2

Lack of oxygen uptake at the beginning of exercise depends on the intensity of exercise

Question 3

What is EPOC?

Answer 3

Excess Postexercise oxygen Consumption is when the Oxygen is still elevated after exercise and is necessary to return to resting levels

Question 4

EPOC Rapid VS Slow

Answer 4

Rapid - mostly replenish ATP-CP system
Slow - Gluconeogenesis (LA->Glucose) and elevated body temp, hormones, and breathing

Question 5

What is VO2 max?

Answer 5

Maximal oxygen uptake that an individual can consume per minute during exercise that is a indicator of maximal aerobic power and fitness

Question 6

What is Relative VO2 max?

Answer 6

Units L/min adjusting for body mass takes into account differences in body size

Question 7

What is relative VO2 max?

Answer 7

Units ml/kg/min more accurately representing endurance exercise capacity

Question 8

What mainly affects VO2 max?

Answer 8

Appox 40-50% is genetically determined and training can make it increase

Question 9

What is the lactate threshold?

Answer 9

During subliminal exercise lactate concentration in the blood remains at a lear resting threshold and as exercise intensity increases there is a point where your body begins to produce more lactate than it can eliminate

Question 10

What is the anaerobic exercise capacity concept and how does it work?

Answer 10

AEC is the exercise capacity during exercise using energy from immediate and anaerobic glycolytic systems and the total amount of work that can be done in a specific amount of time

Question 11

What is Anaerobic power?

Answer 11

Max power produced in all out exercise test – first 2-3 seconds

Question 12

True or False: during exercise the anaerobic threshold occurs well before the lactic acid threshold

Answer 12

False; they occur at the same time

Question 13

How is deoxygenated blood circulated from the muscles to the heart and oxygenated blood carried back out to the muscles?

Answer 13

1. Muscles send deoxygenated blood to heart
2. Right side of the heart receives the deoxygenated blood and sends it to lungs
3. Lungs oxygenate blood, O2 travels to smallest part of lungs: Alveoli
4. O2 diffuse from alveoli to blood
5. Blood is sent back to left side of heart
6. Left side of heart receives oxygenated bloods and sends it to muscles/tissues

Question 14

Order of Cardiorespitory system from largest to smallest

Answer 14

Arteries, Arterioles, Venules, Veins
* = deoxygenated

Question 15

What are the Arteries?

Answer 15

Blood vessels in which blood flows away from heart; contains oxygenated blood

Question 16

What are the Arterioles?

Answer 16

Smaller blood vessels that extend and brach from arteries

Question 17

What are capillaries?

Answer 17

The smallest blood vessel and site of gas exchange

Question 18

What is cardiac output (Q) and all it’s components, and how does it work during exercise?

Answer 18

Q represents the ability to circulate blood and deliver oxygen to working muscles
Q(L/min) = HR (bpm) x SV(ml/beat)

Question 19

What is the primary factor limiting the ability to circulate blood and deliver oxygen to working muscles?

Answer 19

Cardiac output, pulmonary diffusion and blood volume/flow

Question 20

What is the distribution of blood during exercise?

Answer 20

It is not uniformly distributed throughout the body, during submaximal around 50% is directed to resting muscle and during maximal exercise 80% is to working muscle.

Question 21

What is O2 Extraction? (AO2 - VO2)

Answer 21

Amount of O2 that is taken up by the muscle, oxygen extraction by skeletal muscle increases during exercise

Question 22

Fick Equation

Answer 22

Determining rate at which oxygen is being used during physical activity – VO2 = HR x SV x A-VO2

Question 23

What does Blood blow provide and remove during exercise

Answer 23

Provides:
- Oxygen
- Glucose
- fatty acids

Remodes:
- Carbon dioxide
- Lactic Acid
- Heat