Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MIMM 214 > Lecture 35 > Flashcards

Lecture 35 Flashcards

1
Q

Which Immunoglobulins are determined by Alternative RNA splicing

A

IgM to IgD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which Immunoglobulins are determined by Class switching

A

IgA, IgE, and IgG
(from IgM or IgD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Function of antibodies

A

Mediate the clearance and destruction of pathogen in a variety of ways (depending on each antibody isotype)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Key antibody functions

A

1) Neutralization
2) Opsonization
3) Complement fixation/initiated complement
4) Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) (including NK cells inducing apoptosis)
5) Degranulation similar to ADCC
6) Transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do Igs opsonize, act on cells, and get across cells

A

By Fc receptors (FcR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which cells are transmembrane receptors that bind to Fc portions of Igs found

A

Expressed on macrophages, granulocytes, dendritic cells, mast cells, B cells, epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do transmembrane receptors bind to Fc portion of Igs

A

In a Class specific manner
FcgammaRI binds to IgG1
FcepsilonRI binds to IgE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which effector function of antibodies do Fc receptors mediate

A

Crosslinking FcR to trigger signaling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is crosslinking

A

When more than 1 Fc receptor binds to an antibody that is bound to an antigen
No crosslinking–>no intracellular signaling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Functions of Fc receptors

A

1) Degranulation
2) Opsonization
3) Transportation and maintenance of serum levels
4) ADCC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Benefit of using FcRs

A

Allows non-specific immune cells to take advantage of antigen-specific antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Main action of Opsonization

A

Promotes and/or enhances the engulfment of antigens by phagocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

IgG different subclass effector functions

A

1) Effective complement fixation
2) Good at mediating ADCC by NK cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Effector function shared by ALL IgG variants

A

Enhance phagocytosis by macrophages–>opsonization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Main action of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)

A

Activates the killing activity of several types cytotoxic cells (ex. NK cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which Fc receptors do NK cells

A

NK cells have FcgammaRs (recognize Fc region of IgG antibodies)

17
Q

Pathway of ADCC

A

FcgammaRs on NK cells bind to Fc region of IgG antibodies–>crosslinking triggers signaling–>NK cell releases toxic granules (same in ADCC and innate)–>target cell dies by apoptosis

18
Q

Which immunoglobulin is best known for role in allergy and asthma

A

IgE

19
Q

Which Immunoglobulin plays a role in protection against parasitic helminths and protozoa

A

IgE

20
Q

IgE effector function

A

1) Degranulation of eosinophils/basophils
2) Release of molecules such as histamine to damage large pathogens

21
Q

Main action of Neutralization

A

Protects against viral or bacterial infection, or against the damaging effects of toxins

22
Q

Targets for Neutralization

A

Toxins, Viruses, Bacteria

23
Q

Which antibodies/Igs are most important for neutralization

A

IgG and IgA

24
Q

Mechanism of Neutralization

A

Bind antibodies to toxins or pathogen to prevent them from binding their targets and exerting their effects

25
Q

Where is IgA found

A

Secretions and mucosal tissues
1) Mucus in gut
2) Milk in mammary glands
3) Tears
4) Saliva

26
Q

Outcome of Complement activation

A

Generation of membrane attack complex (MAC), inflammation and/or opsonization

27
Q

What does C1q bind to

A

C1q binds pathogen surface
1) Can bind pathogen directly
2) Can binds antibodies that are bound to pathogen surface

28
Q

What does C1q binding trigger

A

Signaling cascade on pathogen surface
C3 convertase is generated
C3 cleaved–>C3a and C3b

29
Q

Which Igs trigger the complement cascade

A

IgG and IgM, but IgM is the most effective

30
Q

What is IgM effective at

A

1) Activating the complement cascade
2) Forming dense antibodies pathogen complexes that are efficiently engulfed by macrophage

31
Q

Where is IgE found

A

Near epithelial surfaces

32
Q

Where is IgG found

A

Widely distributed
In newborn circulation (maternal IgG, passive immunity)

33
Q

Where is IgD found

A

Blood but at higher levels in secretion of upper respiratory tract

34
Q

Effector functions of IgD

A

Binds basophils and mast cells promoting them to release antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), cytokines, and chemokines

MIMM 214 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions