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psio 202 6 urinary system > Lecture 32: Glomerular Filtration > Flashcards

Lecture 32: Glomerular Filtration Flashcards

Objectives – List the components of the filtration barrier within the renal corpuscle – Describe the factors that determine net filtration pressure – Understand the mechanisms for the regulation of glomerular filtration rate

1
Q

3 processes of nephrons and collecting ducts

A

glomerular filtration

tubular reabsorption

tubular secretion

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2
Q

glomerular filtration

A

part of blood plasma filtered into kidney golmerulus is a knot

blood flows through BP pushes plasma through fluid leaving pushed through filtering system

FILTRATION ONLY HAPPENS IN GLOMERULARIS

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3
Q

tubular re-absorption

A

water and useful substances reabsorbed into blood mostly water

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4
Q

tubular secretion

A

wastes are removed from blood and secreted into urine

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5
Q

excretion=

A

excretion= glomular filtration+secretion-re=absorption

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6
Q

rate of excretion

A

rate of filtartion + rate secretion - rate reabs

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7
Q

what enhances filterating capacity

A

thiness of membrane large SA of glomerular capps glomerular capp blood pressure high due to small size of efferent arteriole (exit smaller than input=more BP)

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8
Q

what does blood pressure produce?

A

glomerular filtrate

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9
Q

filtrate fraction

A

20% of plasma

so it may take 2 or 3 times to filter out a toxin

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10
Q

how much reabs per day?

A

48 gallons/day filtrates reabs to 1-2 qt urine

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11
Q

Net Filtration Pressure

A

NFP= total pressure that promotes filtration

NFP=GBHP - (CHP +BCO)

=10 mm Hg 55- (15+30)=10

if pressure higher, system wouldn’t work right

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12
Q

Glomerular Filtartion Rate (GFR)

A

amount of filtrate formed in all renal corpuscles of both kidneys/min

about 125 mL/min in adults (180 L/ day)

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13
Q

Homeostasis req for GFR

A

constant!

too high= loss of useful subastnaces due to speed of passage through nephron

too low= waste products may not be removed enough from body

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14
Q

GFR=

A

NFP= GHBP=CHP-BCOP mean arterial pressure-? afferent AP-> CHBP-> NFP-> GFR

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15
Q

what affects GFR?

A

changes in net filtration filtration stops of GBHP drops to 45 mm Hg (from 55) (45-45=0, nothing filtered out, just exits)

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16
Q

GHBP determined by…

A

MAP

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17
Q

kidney functions normally…

A

with MAP 80-180 mm Hg b/c of GFR reg

18
Q

GFR Regulation

A

1) Autoregulation of GFR
2) Neural Regulation of GFR
3) Hormonal Regulation of GFR

19
Q

Autoregulation of GFR

A

mechanisms that maintain constant GFR depiste arterial BP changes

myogenic mech

tubulogomerular feedback

20
Q

myogenic mechanism

A

fast

systemic inc in BP stretch afferent arteriole

smooth muscle contraction reduces diameter of affernt arteriol,

GFR returns to pervious level in secs

21
Q

tubuloglomerular feedback

A

slower

elevated systemic BP raises GFR, fluid flows to quickly through renal tubule (NA, Cl, water not reabsorbed)

macula densa in ascedning LH detects inc in NA and Cl,

inhibits relase of Nitric Oxide (vasodialer) from JG apparatus

afferent arterioles constrict, reduce GFR

22
Q

Neural Regulation of GFR

A

blood vessles of kidney: supplied with symp fibers, cause vasoconstriction of affernt arterioles

Norepu relase from symp postgang binds alpha 1

adrenergic recprot-> vasocnstrict of affernt arteiroles

23
Q

Neural Regulation of GFR

A

SNS overides renal autoreg if needed also stims renin release from JG cells

24
Q

Neural Regulation of GFR: renal blood vessles at rest

A

maximally dialated b/c symp activity minimal (autoreg working)

25
Q

Neural Regulation of GFR: moderate symp stim

A

both afferent and efferent arterioles constrict equally, dec GFR a little

26
Q

Neural Regulation of GFR: exreme symp stim

A

exercise, hemmorahage

GFR dec a lot

lower urine output to maintain blood vol greater blood flow to tissues

27
Q

Hormonal reg of GFR

A

atrial natruretic peptide (ANP) INCREASES GFR stretched ATRIA occurs with inc blood volume–> hormonal release relax GLOMERULA MESANGIAL cells–> inc glomerular capp SURFACE AREA and thus GFR

28
Q

Hormonal reg of GFR and Angiotensin II

A

REDUCE GFR partly activated by renin from JG cells potent vasoconstricter-> narrows afferent and effernt arterioles, reduced GFR)

29
Q

endothelial fenestrations of glmerulus

A

stops all cells and platelets (formed blood cells retaied)

30
Q

basal lamina of glomerulus

A

stops large plasma proteins (they are retained)

31
Q

slit membrane between pediceles

A

stops medium sized proetins, not small ones

32
Q

NFP stands for

A

net filtration pressure

total pressure that promotes filtration

33
Q

GBHP stands for and number

A

glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure

55 mm Hg

34
Q

CHP stands for and number

A

capsular hydrostatuc pressuer 15 mmHG

35
Q

BCOP stands for

A

blood colloid osmotic pressure

30 mmHG

36
Q

filtration membrane

A
  1. endothelial fenestrations of glmerulus
  2. basal lamina of glomerulus
  3. slit membrane between pediceles all not stopped passes through
37
Q

GBHP

A

pushes things out into capsular space

38
Q

CHP

A

retarding push out

39
Q

BCOP

A

trying to hold proteins into blood

40
Q

ex of neural symp

A

norepi relase from symp post gang neuron

neurons bind to alpha 1adrenergic receptors

=vasconstrict afferent arterioles

psio 202 6 urinary system (5 decks)

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