Lecture 3 - Theorizing Globalization

Question 1

What are new barriers to glob’n?

Answer 1

• flows & heaviness increase likelihood of traffic jams

- systemic barriers (race, class, ethnicity, gender) - IMF example

Question 2

mobile phones

Answer 2

used to be heavy & immobile

Question 3

How do globalists view glob’n?

Answer 3

glob’n exists and encompasses the entire globe

Question 4

How do skeptics view glob’n?

Answer 4

no such thing as glob’n bc the world is too big

Question 5

Did 9/11 change everything?

Answer 5

resurgent importance of the border

-heightened policing of state populations

Question 6

What is transnationalism?

Answer 6

Processes that interconnect individuals and social groups across specific geo-political borders

Question 7

what are MNCs?

Answer 7

Multinational corporations

• transnational economy, global labour, global value chains
• based in national economies
• the importance of Delaware

Question 8

Why does the state play an integral role in promoting and sustaining glob’n?

Answer 8

• economic liberalization
• control of flows (migration/drugs/sex trade)
• ability to regulate/deregulate

Question 9

What are the 8 great phases of globalization?

Answer 9

Peiterse

1) Eurasian (3000BCE)
2) Afro-Eurasian (1000BCE) -Greco roman, east Africa
3) Oriental Phase 1 (500CE) -world economy
4) Oriental Phase 2 (1100) -silk route
5) Multicentric phase (1500) - trade across Atlantic
6) Euro-Atlantic (1800)
7) 20c phase (1950) -MNCs in US, Japan, Europe
8) 21c (2000) -new geography & east Asia

Question 10

What is Robertson’s theory on when glob’n started?

Answer 10

epochs

1) 15th to 18th century (Sunday centric view)
2) mid 1700s to 1870s (formal international relations)
3) 1870s to 1920s (increase in comm’n - WW1)
4) 1920s to 1960s (WW2, Cold War, formation of UN)
5) 1960s to 1990s (uncertainty, global media & civil society)

Question 11

What are broad recent changes that influence the ‘start’ of glob’n?

Answer 11

• US being global power after WW2
• emergence of MNCs
• demise of Soviet Union and the Cold War

Question 12

Sex workers

Answer 12

-internet facilitates sex workers
-provides privacy but also surveillance
sex migration expanding
-Western feminism - trafficking of women: UN protocol 2000 - increased criminalization

Question 13

What is cultural glob’n?

Answer 13

cultural influences that exist at a global level, between and among various nations

Question 14

What is political glob’n?

Answer 14

political relations that exist at a global level, including inter-national relations
-Iraq 1991, UN, Al Qaeda

Question 15

What is reification?

Answer 15

People come to accord social processes a reality of their own and come to feel that there is nothing they can do about them

Question 16

What is glob’n from above?

Answer 16

Process created and controlled by centralized and powerful actors - wealthy elites, MNCs
-then imposed on broader society

Question 17

What is glob’n from below?

Answer 17

Marginalized groups and social movements that struggle to make glob’n benefit more people and for global processes to be more democratic
-anti WTO

Question 18

What are efforts to rethink glob’n from below?

Answer 18

• World social forum

- slow food movements

Question 19

what is globaphilia?

Answer 19

Emphasis on positive aspects of glob’n, greater economic success and the spread of democracy

• north disproportionately benefits from glob’n (flows, incomes, trade)
• refusal to see link between democracy and war

Question 20

What is globaphobia?

Answer 20

Emphasis on the negative aspects of glob’n, especially for the less well-off parts of the globe

• Chomsky and corporate glob’n
• very common in the US (left and right)