Lecture 3 The Cell Flashcards
What are the six postulates of the Cell Theory ?
1) All living organism are made up of cells
2) The cell is the basic unit of life
3) New cells only arise from pre-existing cells
4) Hereditary info. is passed from the cells
5) All Cells have the basic chemical composition
6) Energy flow occurs within cells
Why are cells small ?
So enough can be absorbed and more efficient in transportation
What are the 4 processes of life?
growth : increase size , reproduction: increase in number , responsiveness: react to environment and metabolism : perform biochemical reactions
Similarites and differences between prokaryotics and eukaryotics?
Pro- cell without nucleus , no membrane-bound organelles
Eu- With a nucleus and with membrane-bound organelles
__________ is 2- 8 micrometers in size ?
A- Most bacteria
B- viruses
A- Most bacteria
Viruses range from ______ in size?
A-200nm
B- 30nm- 100nm
B- 30nm- 100nm
The smallest bacteria is _____ in size?
A- 100 micrometers
B- 200nm
200nm
Which of the following surface-to-volume ratios would be most efficient from transmembrane transport of substance in cells
A- 1:1
B-3:1
C-3: 0.5
C-3: 0.5
Which of the following is not a postulate of the Cell Theory ?
A-New cells can arise spontaneously or from pre-existing cells
B-All living organisms are made up of cells
C-Energy flow occurs within cells
A-New cells can arise spontaneously or from pre-existing cells
ALL prokaryotics and eukaryotics normally undergo four processes of life. The ability to carry out biochemical reactions is known as:
A- Growth
B- Metabolism
B- Metabolism
A cell in a hypertonic solution will __________.
A-gain water
B- lose water
C- gain solutes
B- lose water
Short, hairlike structures used only by eukaryotic cells for movement are called
A- cilia.
B- flagella
A- cilia.
Endocytosis and exocytosis are means of transport used by
A-all prokaryotes.
B-eukaryotes.
B-eukaryotes.
Chloroplasts differ from mitochondria in that the former have
A- 70S ribosomes.
B- thylakoids.
B- thylakoids.
A structural molecule found in eukaryotic cytoskeletons, flagella, cilia, and centrioles is (flagellin/tubulin/fibrin).
tubulin
Protein synthesis occurs in the
A-ribosomes
B- Mitochondria
A-ribosomes
________ may have pili.
A- Bacteria
B- Both eukaryotes and bacteria
A- Bacteria
Cytoplasmic membranes of ________ are composed of phospholipids.
A-eukaryotes
B- bacteria and eukaryotes
B- bacteria and eukaryotes
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of fimbriae?
A-enhancing a microbe’s ability to cause disease
B-movement toward chemicals or light
B-movement toward chemicals or light
Which of the following components of the bacterial cell wall is found in varying amounts in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells?
A- teichoic acids
B- peptidoglycan
C- lipopolysaccharide
B- peptidoglycan
T/F Peroxisomes contain enzymes used to digest nutrients that have been brought into the cell through phagocytosis.
False
The endosymbiotic theory is one possible explanation for the origin of which of the following organelles?
A-Golgi body
B-peroxisomes
C- mitochondria
C- mitochondria
Bacteria of the genus Mycoplasma lack cell walls. What sort of environment do they require for survival?
A-isotonic
B- hypotonic
C-hypertonic
A-isotonic
