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Gross Anatomy > Lecture 3- Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerve, Dorsal Scapular Region > Flashcards

Lecture 3- Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerve, Dorsal Scapular Region Flashcards

1
Q

Ligament that keeps the dens in place when you turn your head

A

Transverse ligament of cruciate ligament

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2
Q

Movement of the thoracic facet joint

A

Rotation

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3
Q

Movement of the lumbar facet joint

A

Flexion/extension

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4
Q

Three types of joints

A

-Synovial
-Fibrous
-Cartilaginous

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5
Q

The AA joint is this type of joint

A

Synovial (pivot joint)

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6
Q

How many types of synovial joints are there?

A

6

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7
Q

What are the types of synovial joints?

A

-hinge
-saddle
-pivot
-ball and socket
-condyloid
-plane

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8
Q

Where do spinal nerves originate from?

A

Spinal cord

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9
Q

The spinal nerves connect _________ to the ______

A

-PNS
-CNS

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10
Q

How many pair of spinal nerves are there?

A

31 pairs

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11
Q

Regions of the spinal nerves

A

Cervical: 8
Thoracic: 12
Lumbar: 5
Sacral: 5
Coccygeal: 1

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12
Q

True or False: All spinal nerves go down and through the vertebrae.

A

False

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13
Q

How is the C1 nerve oriented?

A

It is above the C1 vertebra, going up into the AA joint

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14
Q

What are the nerves at the end of spinal cord like? Why?

A

They look like strands because there is a lot of space in the canal

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15
Q

What does the lumbar cistern refer to?

A

It refers to the subarachnoid space in the lower lumbar spinal canal

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16
Q

What is the terminal end of the spinal cord called?

A

Conus medullaris

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17
Q

Where is the cauda equina located?

A

Lumbar cistern

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18
Q

What is the filum terminale?

A

It is a delicate strand of fibrous tissue that extends from the end of the spinal cord to the tailbone. It anchors the cord.

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19
Q

Where are the spinal nerve enlargements?

A

Cervical and thoracic parts of the spinal cord

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20
Q

Ventral nerve roots are _________

A

Motor

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21
Q

Dorsal nerve roots are __________

A

Sensory

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22
Q

This structure innervates the ventral body wall and all limb parts

A

Ventral rami

23
Q

This structure innervates the skin and muscles of the back

A

Dorsal rami

24
Q

Myotome for lateral forearm rotation

A

C5

25
Q

Myotome for medial forearm rotation

A

C6, C7, C8

26
Q

Myotome for arm adduction

A

C6, C7, C8

27
Q

Myotome for arm abduction

A

C5

28
Q

Myotome for shoulder extension

A

C6, C7, C8

29
Q

Myotome for shoulder flexion

A

C5

30
Q

Myotome for elbow flexion

A

C6

31
Q

Myotome for elbow extension

A

C7

32
Q

Myotome for wrist extension

A

C6

33
Q

Myotome for wrist flexion

A

C7

34
Q

Myotome for digital flexion

A

C8

35
Q

Myotome for digital extension

A

C7

36
Q

Myotome for abduction and adduction of digits

A

T1

37
Q

True or False: Each spinal root will be responsible for innervating a certain section of the arm, leg, and trunk.

A

True

38
Q

Area of skin supplied by an individual spinal nerve

A

Dermatome

39
Q

What are dermatomes used for?

A

To assess level of SCI (spinal cord injury)

40
Q

What kind of sensation is from the peripheral nerve?

A

Cutaneous

41
Q

This structure protects the spinal cord

A

Meninges

42
Q

What are the layers of the spinal meninges?

A

-Dura
-Arachnoid
-Pia

43
Q

Where does the spinal cord end?

A

Between the L1/L2 vertebral level

44
Q

Where does the spinal dural sac terminate?

A

S2 segment

45
Q

Order of the meninges and spaces

A

Epidural space –> dura mater –> arachnoid mater –> subarachnoid space –> pia

46
Q

Where does the CSF occupy?

A

Spinal arachnoid mater

47
Q

Lumbar spinal puncture for spinal anesthesia

A

L3/L4

48
Q

Lumbar injection for epidural anesthesia

A

L4/L5

49
Q

What are the functions of ligaments?

A

Resist excess motion

50
Q

These ligaments run up and down the vertebrae

A

Anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) and Posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL)

51
Q

These ligaments live in the spinal canal

A

Ligamentum flavum and PLL

52
Q

This ligament supports the facet joints

A

Ligamentum flavum

53
Q

This can occur to the ligamentum flavum

A

Hypertrophy

54
Q

How many muscles attach to the scapula?

A

20 muscles

Gross Anatomy (3 decks)

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