Lecture 3: Lymphadenopathy in Children Flashcards
What is the most important component of the work-up for LAD?
History and Physical
An enlarged LN in which location is always considered not normal?
Supraclavicular
A LN of which size is considrered “enlarged?”
≥2 cm
Firm and rubbery lymph nodes should make you think what?
Possibly lymphoma
What are 3 indications for biopsying a LN?
- If watchful waiting is the plan, but the nodes never get better
- If plan included Abx, but 4-6 wks after treatment the nodes are no smaller (or if they are bigger)
- Right away if an enlarged supraclacvicular node palpated along w/ findings consistent w/ malignancy i.e., B-symptoms
What is a complications which may arise in the eye associated with Cat Scratch Disease?
Neuroretinitis
In regards to tumor-like lesions, what does Heterotopic refer to?
Microscopically normal cells or tissues that are present in abnormal locations i.e., pancreatic tissue in wall of stomach
In regards to tumor-like lesions, what does Hamartoma refer to?
Excessive, focal overgrowth of cells and tissues native to the organ in which it occurs; benign histology
What are the most common tumors of infancy; where are they most commonly seen?
- Hemangiomas: either cavernous or capillary
- Most commonly in the skin: if large/flat = port wine stain
Differentiate fibromatosis from fibrosarcoma?
- Fibromatosis = sparsely cellular proliferation of spindle-shaped cells
- Fibrosarcoma = richly cellular lesions
What is the most common location for Teratomas?
Sacrococcygeal
List the 5 sites most frequnt sites of origin for the childhood cancer
- Hematopoietic system
- Nervous tissue
- Soft tissues
- Bone
- Kidney
Which malignancy in children younger than age 15 accounts for more deaths than all other malignant tumors combined?
Leukemia
What is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood?
Neuroblastoma
In children <2 y/o, what is the usual presentation of Neuroblastoma?
- Fever + large abdominal mass + possible weight loss
- In infants, disseminated dz may present w/ multiple cutaneous metastases causing a blue color aka “blueberry muffin baby.”