Lecture 3: Hearing Impairment Flashcards
How to measure hearing loss?
Audiometry
- Unit of measure for sound intensity = decibel (dB)
- Unit of measure for tone of a sound = Hertz (Hz), in clycles per second
What are symptoms of high frequency hearing loss?
- Struggling to understanding the voices of women and children
- Not hearing birds chirping
- Words that start with s, h, f, of th are harder to hear
- When people talk, you feel like you hear but not understand
Causal factors of hearing loss (excl. adulthood and facors across lifespan)
Prenatal/ congenital (aangeboren)
- Genetics and intrauterine infections
Perinatal
- Lack of oxygen
- Prematurity
- Low birth weight
Childhood and adolecence
- Chronic otitis media
- Other infections
Causal factors of hearling loss adulthood and factors across lifespan
- Lifestyle (smoking, alcohol)
- NCDs (diabetes, hypertension)
- Genetics
- Ototoxic drugs and chemicals
- Infections
- Noise
- Older age
Primary prevention hearlingloss in NL
- Prenatal care
- Pretection against noise and ototoxic chemicals at work (Dutch working Conditions Legislation)
- Recreastional noise exposure (reduce noise, use of protection
Oorcheck
MP3-check “luister jij veilig?”
ILoveMyEars.nl
Prevention Programs in NL
The Netherlands Hearing Health Foundation
- Awareness, education, online tools, research, stakeholder collaboration
Oorcheck.nl (young adults)
- Prevention of hearingloss in the music sector
- Hearing module at TestJeLeefstijl.nu
NL + BE: “Ietsje minder is de max, help ze niet naar de tuut”
Prevention programs outside of NL
National Institude for Occupational Safety and Health (US)
- Hearing conservation program
- Buy quiet; quiet-by-design
- Incentives: Safe-in-sound Excellence in Hearing loss prevention Award
Dangerous decibels
- Non occupational noise
- youths and adults
Globally
- WHO-initiatives - evidence based advocacy (World hearing day, Make listening safe)
Secondary prevention (in NL)
- Neonatal screening (0-1week)
- Screening at primary school (5-10 years old)
- Self screening for adults
Tertiary prevention (impact in adults)
Communication
- Less social participation
Social participation
- Loneliness
- Depression
- Distress
- Cognitive impairment
- Work (sick leave, fatigue, lower income, finding/ keeping work)
Stigma/ shame
Physical health
- falls
= Reduced QoL
- Primary care (by)
- Secundary and tertiary care (by)
- Treatment and rehabilitation
1. Primary care
- GP
- Audiologist
2. Secundary and tertiary care
- Geriatric care
- Ear Nose Throat (ENT)
- Advanced Clinical Practitioner (ACP)
3. Treatment and rehabilitation
- Clinical treatment
- Communication advise
- Other hearing solutions
- Hearing aid
Rehabilitation for:
1. Profound hearing loss
2. Moderate to severe hearing loss
3. All types of hearing loss
4. Employed
- Hearing aid, cochlear implant
- Hearing aid and aditional hearing solutions
- Communication strategies
- Vocational rehabilitation
+ Lip reading, sign language, speech-to-tekst apps
Examples of communication strategies
- Tell friends and family
- Position yourself to hear others speak
- Turn off background noise
- Ask others to speak clearly, not louder
- Get the other persons attention before speaking
- Choose quiet settings
- Consider using an assertive listening device
Design of an intervention: implementation of an intake tool (3 phases)
- Understand behavior (COM-B model)
- Identify intervention options
- Identify content and implementation options (BCT-taxonomy)
What three parts does the behavior change wheel (BCW) consist of?
- Behavior (inner circle)
- Intervention (middle circle)
- Policy (outer circle)
What type of intervention is SUPR?
Tertiary prevention:
SUPR is an educational SUpport PRogramme for hearing aid users (HAUs) and their communication partners (CPs), offering care beyond hearing aid fitting.
