Lecture 3: Extraversion: Enthusiasm & Assertiveness

Question 1

People high in extraversion are (what 4 qualities)?

Answer 1

sociable
fun-loving
talkative
spontaneous

Question 2

People low in extraversion (aka introversion) are (what 4 qualities)?

Answer 2

reserved
inhibited
quiet
aloof

Question 3

What is the definition of Extraversion?

Answer 3

the tendency to experience positive emotion

Question 4

What are the 2 aspects of Extraversion?

Answer 4

Enthusiasm

Assertiveness

Question 5

What are 4 characteristics of Enthusiastic people?

Answer 5

they talk a lot
make friends easily
smile more often
review their feelings quickly

Question 6

What are 4 characteristics of Assertive people?

Answer 6

they take charge
influence people
lead the way
like to share their opinions

Question 7

What does extraversion help people solve?

Answer 7

how much to value the present

Question 8

How do people that are high in extraversion handle changes to their environment?

Answer 8

They handle it better and adapt to their current situation

Question 9

Why does enthusiasm and assertiveness influence our social behavior so strongly?

Answer 9

they are related to our motivation for affiliation and status, which are some of the strongest human rewards

Question 10

Enthusiasm is a motivation to what human reward?

Answer 10

affiliation

Question 11

Assertiveness is a motivation for what human reward?

Answer 11

social status

Question 12

What 3 negative rewards do extraverts tend to pursue?

Answer 12

sex
drugs
gamgling

Question 13

What is delay discounting?

Answer 13

valuing the present vs. valuing the future

Question 14

What is a way to determine how much people value the present over the future?

Answer 14

Offering a small amount of money now or a larger amount in the future. The answer reveals how much they value the present over the future

Question 15

The probability with which you can predict what the future will look like decreases with… [what?]

Answer 15

its distance from the present

Question 16

What do extraverts value more: the present or the future?

Answer 16

the present

Question 17

Which core personality trait is related to positive emotion?

Answer 17

extraversion

Question 18

Which core personality trait is related to negative emotion?

Answer 18

introversion

Question 19

What are the functions of positive and negative emotion?

Answer 19

Positive and negative emotion help orient you as you work toward achieving your goals

Question 20

Where do positive emotions motivate you with respect to your goals?

Answer 20

toward the goals

Question 21

Where do negative emotions motivate you with respect to your goals?

Answer 21

away from the goals

Question 22

What do positive and negative emotions measure about your goal?

Answer 22

how effective and valid the map you created to get to your goal is

Question 23

What do we calibrate our positive and negative emotions to?

Answer 23

the emotions of those around us

Question 24

What is not the optimal state of being?

Answer 24

to be happy or to maximize positive emotion

Question 25

What is the optimal state of being?

Answer 25

is to be appropriately happy based on current circumstances

Question 26

If humans don’t crave happiness, what do they actually crave?

Answer 26

freedom from suffering (which are two separate concepts)

Question 27

What happens when there is too much positive emotion?

Answer 27

people are more likely to act impulsively and do risky things

Question 28

Why are people extremely high in extraversion wired for impulsive and risky behavior?

Answer 28

they value the present so highly

Question 29

What do motivations establish?

Answer 29

goals

Question 30

What do emotions do with respect to your goals?

Answer 30

move you forward to your goal (positive emotion) or move you away to your goal (negative emotion)