LECTURE 3 ->CONDITIONS, RESOURCES, BIOMES

Question 1

What is a condition?

Answer 1

A physiochemical feature ex// pH temperature of humidity. Can alter but not consume

Question 2

What is a resource?

Answer 2

These are consumed by organisms to allow for reproduction and growth -> organisms compete for these things

Question 3

Types of response curves

Answer 3

1) the goldilocks curve, where extream conditions are not optimal
2) A tolerant curve can tolerate a little of it, but it hits a threshold and then cannot function
2) Need it but not a lot of it curve, has two thresholds, one where it needs a little to function, then its stable for a while till the next threshold where it impedes the function

Question 4

Effects of extreme conditions

Answer 4

1) the length could be deadly, most likely to kill young first while adults may have more tolerance
2) some seeds need extream cold to flower
|_> ensures seed doesn’t germinate in the winter
3) extremes needed to kill pathogens and regulate env

Question 5

Adaptations to extremes

Answer 5

1) Tolerators -> can deal with it

2) Avoiders -> migrate when conditions get unfavorable

Question 6

How are organisms harmed by extremes?

Answer 6

Through the energy cost of the individual to try and tolerate the conditions

Question 7

What are plant resources?

Answer 7

Water, co2 and sunlight for photosynthesis

Question 8

Plants dealing with drought or waterless

Answer 8

closed stomas, less water in plant, less stiffness and thus they wilt
-> Adaptations: c4 or cam

Question 9

C3 vs C4 vs CAM

Answer 9

C3-> Fixes 3 carbon thing all the time constantly, bad for water loss ex// daisy
c4-> separates the Calvin cycle and krebs cycle so if stomas close it can still photosynthesis (changes in location) ex// corn
CAM-> stomas only open at night when it is cooler ex// cacti

Question 10

C:N ratio

Answer 10

Plants have much more carbon then animal products

Question 11

Biomimicry

Answer 11

Aposematic -> Changes appearance to avoid being eaten

• > Batesian mimicry: harmless thing looks like harmful
• > Müllerian mimicry: both harmful so they try to help each other by looking the same

Question 12

Butterflies migrate cus

Answer 12

Then they have ideal conditions to live in for the winter

->but climate change is reducing the area that their tree can exist in

Question 13

Habitat

Answer 13

where the organism lives

Question 14

Niche

Answer 14

the ideal place for the organism to live (free of competitors and has perfect conditions/resources)

Question 15

Biomes

Answer 15

Regions with similar characteristics or functions

-> not al biomes look the same or have some species, but may function the same

Question 16

What things cause biome differences?

Answer 16

Hadly cells -> the flow of warm moist air to lighter dry air, redistributing heat
Corilos effect -> the spin of the earth causing w-e winds
The tilt of the earth-> causes seasons
Mountain ranges-> causes one side to be wetter than the other (traps the moisture)

Question 17

Novel ecosystem

Answer 17

human-built, modified, or engineered niches of the Anthropocene. They exist in places that have been altered in structure and function by human agency.