Lecture 3 Flashcards
Is the epidural space in the spinal cord and cerebrum a true space or potential space?
spinal cord - true space (filled with fat and venous plexus)
brain - potential space
What are denticulate ligaments?
Pia mater outgrowths that connect the pia mater with dura mater, to provide structural support for the spinal cord
Is there a true subdural space in the brain and spinal cord
no
How much CSF does the brain produce daily? and what volume of CSF occupies the brain?
~ 450ml daily, ~ 150ml at a time (changes 3 times daily)
What are the main functions of CSF? (x2)
- physical support for brain/spinal cord within neurocranium (reduces brain weight by 60)
- homoeostasis (substitute for lack of lymphatic system)
What are the main dural folds/reflections? (x3)
- tentorium cerebelli (runs through transverse fissure; separates cerebellum and cerebrum)
- falx cerebri (runs through longitudinal fissure; separates two hemispheres)
- sellar diaphragm (separates rest of diencephalon with pituitary gland)
what are the major sinuses
- superior sagittal (runs superiorly along longitudinal fissure)
- inferior sagittal (runs inferiorly along longitudinal fissure)
- straight sinus/sinus rectus/tentorial sinus (runs between falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli)
what are the two layers of dura mater?
periosteal layer (outer) meningeal layer (inner)
What are the procedural steps taken by CSF?
- produced in choroid plexus in lateral and fourth ventricles
- released into subarachnoid space via lateral and medial apertures
- released into sinus via arachnoid granulations
The Circle of Willis lies on the _____ of the brain
base
The middle cerebral arteries supply
- mainly lateral surface of all lobes
- the basal ganglia
The anterior cerebral arteries supply
- Mainly medial surface of frontal, parietal lobes
- superior surface of frontal and parietal lobes
The posterior cerebral arteries supply
- most of basal surface of brain
- medial temporal lobes
- surface of occipital lobes
The basilar artery supplies
the pons
The vertebral arteries supply the
medulla
the anterior spinal artery branches from the
vertebral arteries
the posterior spinal arteries branch from the
vertebral arteries or PICA
which segment of the spinal cord receives the least input from segmental arteries and is thus vulnerable?
thoracic
the cervical spinal cord is supplied by?
vertebral and medullary segmental arteries
the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spinal cord is supplied by?
mainly segmental medullary artieries
The artery of Adamkiewicz, which originates from _____, serves as the main blood supply to ______.
- T8 to L1
- sacral and lumbar spinal cord
The superior sagittal sinus and great vein of Galen both drain into _____ which leads to ______ then _____ and into ______.
- the confluens
- the transverse sinus
- the sigmoid sinus
- the internal jugular vein
