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PT 582 Movement Analysis > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Why evaluate gait?

A

Most common physical activity performs by humans
Society participation
Disease/trauma can disrupt the precision, coordination, speed and versatility that is characteristic of normal walking

**Decreases efficiency & increased energy cost

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2
Q

Abnormal gait can affect the LE at what levels?

A

Joint stress (bone/cartilage)
Soft tissue strain (ligament/tendon)
Muscle overuse
*Provides insight

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3
Q

Clinical Indications

A

1) Painful gait (most common)

Functional limitations:

2) Unstable gait (instability, falls, trips)
3) Inability to walk quickly
4) Inability to walk efficiently
5) Inability to walk distances

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4
Q

Basic Functions of the Locomotion Unit during Gait

A

1) Shock absorption
2) Stance Stability (passive/active)
3) Forward Progression
4) Energy conservation

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5
Q

Shock absorption

A

Force to floor, the force pushing back, reduces impact

**Primary: Eccentric quads

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6
Q

Passive shock absorbers

A

Bone
Cartilage
Shoe

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7
Q

Active shock absorbers

A

Eccentric muscle contraction

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8
Q

Passive Stance Stability

A

Body weight line
COM over BOS for max stability
No muscle activation

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9
Q

Dynamic Stance Stability

A

COM is not over BOS while walking

Goal: Translate COM forward

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10
Q

During Frontal plane is the COM over BOS?

A

NO

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11
Q

5 Forward Progression Factors

A

1) Heel rocker, tibia to progress, foot flat (lost forward progression)
2) Ankle rocker, COM over BOS
3) Toe rocker, COM beyond BOS
4) Forward fall of BW, keep momentum
5) Swing limb momentum, propel

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12
Q

Energy conservation

A

Minimize displacement of the COM & muscle activation over BOS

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13
Q

Normal translation

A

M/L, 4cm

Sup/Inf, 2 cm

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14
Q

When is the COM highest?

A

Single Limb Support

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15
Q

When is COM lowest?

A

Double Limb Support

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16
Q

How much is the body vertical excursion?

A

2cm

17
Q

Single Limb Support shifts?

A

4cm

18
Q

What is a phase?

A

A portion of given movement cycle

19
Q

What is an objective?

A 
Basic requirement(s) of a given phase
(Shock abs/Forward prog)
20
Q

What is a critical event?

A

Joint/segment motion(s) or positions that are required to accomplish an objective for a given phase
(Measurable)

21
Q

Objectives: LR

A 
Shock Absorption (knee)
Forward Progression (ankle)
WB Stability (hip)
22
Q

Objectives: MSt

A

Progression of COM over BOS (all)

Single Limb Stance Stability (hip/knee)

23
Q

Objectives: TSt

A

Progression of COM beyond BOS (all)

24
Q

Objectives: PSw

A

Initiate Limb Advancement (hip)

25
Q

Objectives: ISw

A 
Limb Advancement (hip)
Foot Clearance (knee)
26
Q

Objectives: MSw

A

Continued Limb Advancement (hip)

Continued Foot Clearance (foot)

27
Q

Objectives: TSw

A

Complete Limb Advancement (hip/knee)

Prepare limb for stance (ankle)

28
Q

Stride Characteristics

A

Velocity
Cadence
Stride Length

29
Q

Gait Velocity indicates walking ability…

A

Distance Per Time

30
Q

What is the typical Gait velocity for shuffle?

A

30 m/min

1.1 mph

31
Q

What is the typical Gait velocity for stroll?

A

60 m/min

2.2 mph

32
Q

What is the typical Gait velocity for walk?

A

80 m/min

3.0 mph

33
Q

What is the typical Gait velocity for rush?

A

100 m/min

3.7 mph

34
Q

What is the typical Gait velocity for jog?

A

200 m/min

7.4 mph

35
Q

What is the typical Gait velocity for run?

A

300 m/min

11.1 mph

36
Q

Average cadence for men?

A

108 steps/min

37
Q

Average cadence for women?

A

116 steps/min

38
Q

What is a step?

A

L IC to R IC

39
Q

What is a stride?

A

L IC to L IC

2 steps = 1 stride

PT 582 Movement Analysis (8 decks)

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