Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PT 582 Movement Analysis > Gait Across the Lifespan > Flashcards

Gait Across the Lifespan Flashcards

1
Q

Development of Gait (from ___ to ___)

A

9 months to 7 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 spatio-temporal characteristics?

A

Velocity (m/min)
Cadence (steps/min)
Stride (m)
SLS (%GC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Velocity of 1, 1.5, 3, 7 year old?

A
  1. 4
  2. 6
  3. 6
  4. 4
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cadence of 1, 1.5, 3, 7 year old?

A

176
171
154
144

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Stride Length of 1, 1.5, 3, 7 year old?

A
  1. 43
  2. 50
  3. 67
  4. 97
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SLS of 1, 1.5, 3, 7 year old?

A

32
32
35
38

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

By what age are children kinematics adult-like?

A

7 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is normal cadence?

A

1.4 m/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens to cadence as a child grows?

A

Starts high, then drops

Changes won’t stop until maturity stops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens to stride length as a child grows?

A

The longer the leg, the longer the stride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is the COM? Why?

@ 9 to 15 months

A

Lower thoracic level due to the head being proportionally larger the COM is higher on the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What contributes to babies being weak?

@ 9 to 15 months

A

High fat to muscle muscle mass ratio, muscle system not developed yet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the standing posture of a baby.

@ 9 to 15 months

A 
Wide BOS
Hip ABD & F
Excessive femoral anteversion
Knee varus
Tibia IR
Heel everted
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

As bone develop which characteristic of posture will change?

@ 9 to 15 months

A

Femoral anteversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What 3 characteristic is analyzed during a standing posture analysis?
@ 9 to 15 months

A

Knee varus
Tibia IR
Heel everted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the purpose of a wide BOS?

@ 9 to 15 months

A

Good M/L stability

Head must remain w/i BOS to maintain balance

17
Q

What is the purpose of a full foot contact?

@ 9 to 15 months

A

Increase stability
Increase cadence
Decrease stride length
Foot Drop in swing (due to ant tib weakness)

18
Q

What type of contraction do babies use?

@ 9 to 15 months

A

Co-contraction

19
Q

Which muscles are activated during swing?

@ 9 to 15 months

A

Gastroc/Ant Tib

20
Q

Which muscles are activated during stance?

@ 9 to 15 months

A

Quads/Hams

21
Q

What are some factors that limit gait function?

@ 9 to 15 months

A

Decrease extensor strength (hip extensors, quads, gas)
Causing A/P stability limitations
Poor dynamic balance
Limited postural control (head & trunk)

22
Q

What are the characteristics of a toddler?

@ 18 to 24 months

A

Increase near maturation
Increase walking experience
Lower COM

23
Q

Describe the standing posture of a toddler?

@ 18 to 24 months

A

Decrease Hip ABD
Reduction in anteversion (still greater than norm adults)
Decrease knee various (valgus development)
Heel remains everted
Decrease BOS
- Reflects increase strength and dynamic stability

24
Q

What are the gait characteristics of a toddler?

@ 18 to 24 months

A

Decrease BOS –> Increase A/P movement over supporting foot
Emerging LR knee flexion, Eccentric muscle control
Heel strike is seen by 24 months
Decrease co-contraction

25
Q

What are the characteristics of a young child?

@ 3 - 3.5 years

A

COM is closer to extremities as LE growth stabilizes
Balance mechanisms still developing
- Visual/vestibular still immature

26
Q

Describe the standing posture of a young child?

@ 3 - 3.5 years

A

Emergence of knee values
Decrease eversion at heel
Continued Decrease femoral anteversion (still greater than norm adults)

27
Q

Describe the gait characteristics of a young child?

@ 3 - 3.5 years

A

More adult-like kinematics and EMG patterns

Joint torques remain somewhat immature (lower)

28
Q

What are the characteristics of a grown child?

@ 6-7 years

A

Period of disproportionate growth passed

COM still higher (L3)

29
Q

What is the standing posture of a grown child?

@ 6-7 years

A

Normal tibiofemoral angle
Neutral heel
Continued decrease in femoral anteversion (still greater than norm adult)

30
Q

What are the gait characteristics of a grown child?

@ 6-7 years

A

Minimal difference in kinematics and kinetic when compared to adults
Temporal-spatial parameters continue to change with age

31
Q

Factors contributing to altered gait patterns in elderly

A 
Decreased...
strength
visual activity
ROM/ increase jt stiffness
spine/pelvic mobility, COM changes
vestibular feedback
32
Q

What are common gait characteristics of elderly?

A 
Decrease velocity - decrease stride length & cadence
Increase DLS time - decrease SLS time
Increase BOS
Foot flat IC - decrease heel rocker
Decrease foot clearance - increase hip/knee flexion
Decrease peak ROM
- LR knee flexion
- Hip flexion (swing)
- Knee flexion (swing)
- Ankle DF (stance)
33
Q

What does heel rocker limit?

A

Forward progression

34
Q

What is the first to go?

A

Heel strike!

PT 582 Movement Analysis (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions