Lecture 3 Flashcards
attribute
an inherent personal characteristic
variable
the characteristic that can be measured or counted
it can change over time
independent variable
is manipulated by the researcher to measure the effect
dependent variable
the response/ outcome
it is the measure of the extent the IV has had
confounding/ extraneous variable
other factors that may impact the DV that isn’t the IV
so these need to be controlled
quantitative measurement types
discrete/ categoricical
continous
discrete/ catagorical
can only assume distinct values
continous
can be counted to a finer value
discrete levels
ordinal
norminal
continuous levels
ratio
interval
nominal
no order or rank
non-numerical
measurement is assigned to one category
CANT PERFROM ARTHMITIC
ordinal
measurements can be ordered and ranked
e.g MMT
Interval
have set difference between values
no true zero point
ratio
equal and measurable interval between the data
true zero point
descriptive stats
describe information through graphs/ imagery
distribution of data
frequency of data
histogram
central tendincy
mean
median
mode
variability
range
standard deviation
characteristic of good measurement
concept measured is well defined
same answer when study same info
get different answers when change info
everyone knows what answer means
observed score=
true score + error
sytematic error
constant present
will cause bias
random error
unpredictable
soroundings
instrument
equipment errors
calibration
sensitivity
maintience
operation
tester errors
competence
preperation
motivation
fatigue
procedure error
position
handling
stabilisation
instructions
patient error
recovery and deteroration
comprehension
familisation
environment
fatigue
pain
how to reduce error
repeat
measure controlled
use calibrated conditions
know error of tool
use same person to measure
reliability
degree measurements are free of error
intra rater reliability
inidivdual rater measures
inter rater reliability
between different measurears
intra-subject
changes in subject from time to time
test-retested reliability
assess conssitancy of measure from one time to another
valid
does the assessment test what it set outs to measure
norm reference
measurement frameworks based on the normal curve
criterion reference
indivdual performance is evaluated with respect to a level of achivement
ICC
agreement of a test
between 0-1
1- perfect
0- no agreement
