Lecture 3 Flashcards
What are the common functional groups
Hyroxyl, Carbonyl, phospate, amino, and methyl
What is Carbonyl composed of
1 carbon atom, double bonded to oxygen, bonded to hydrogen.
what is Hydroxyl composed of
1 oxygen atom bonded to Hydrogen and a bonded to side chain
What is phospate functional group composed of
I phosphorous molecule bonded to two OHs and double bonded to one O and single bond to another O which is connected to a side chain
What is methyl compose of?
side chain connected to CH3
What is amino group composed of
Nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen and side chain
What is a polysaccharide
They are complex sugars, and polymers of monosaccharides
How are the sugars linked in polysacchairdes
they are linked by a condesation reaction between two hydroxyl groups
What two carbons does the linkage usually form between
C1 and C4
What is the linkage between the two hydroxyl groups called
glycosidic linkage
What are the two type of linkages
alpha linkage and beta linkage
what does alpha linakge look like
it looks like a v
what does a beta linkage look like
it looks like an upside down v
What can linkages be broken by
They can be broken by hydrolysis reactions
Why do carbohydrates have more energy than CO2
because electrons in carbohydrate are held more loosely than in CO2, carbohydrates are also more polar than CO2
What are the types of sugars
Monosaccharide, Dissacharide, oligosaccharide, polysacchardie,
What is a Monosaccharide?
A monosaccharide is a single sugar monomer
What is a Dissacharide?
two sugar monomers
what is an oligosaccharide?
a few sugar polymers
What is a polysaccharide?
Large sugar polymers
What is the molecular formula for carbohydrates?
((CH2)n)
what is n in the molecular formula of carbohydrates
It is the amount of carbon hydrated groups, n can range from 3 to over a 1000
what do carbohydrates contain?
They contain a hydroxyl and carbonyl group
What do carbohydrates usually end in
They usually end in ose