Lecture 1 Flashcards
What is a hypothesis
An explanation to an observation backed with little evidence
What is a theory
explanation of some part of the natural phenomenon, that is based on fact or law and is heavily supported.
What is a law
explanation of a natural phenomenon
What is a fact
a statement that is firmly supported by evidence and assumed to be true.
polar bond
electron is shared equally
nonpolar bonds
electron is shared unequally
ionic bond
electron is transferred
hydrogen bonding
Bond between Hydrogen and Oxygen, Fluorine, or Nitrogen
boiling point propert of hydrogen bonding
Because hydrogen bonds are very strong it holds H2O molecules more strongly from going into gaseous state, causing water to have a high boiling point.
cohesion property due to hydrogen bonding
Because hydrogen bonds are very strong, and water molecules are strongly bonded to each other, it gives water molecules a strong cohesive property.
Solubility property due to polarity
Because water is polar it allows for polar molecules to dissolve in it.
Adhesion property due to polarity
Because water is polar, when put in a container such as glass that is also polar, water is attracted to it, causing it to attach to it strongly.
what is the pH scale
Measure of how many hydrogen ions there are in something
The higher the pH
the lower concentration of hydrogen ions, and more basic
the lower the pH
the higher the concentration of hydrogens and the more acidic
formula to calculate pH
pH= -log(H+ ions)
As pH increases
the concentration of Hydrogen ions decrease by a factor of 10
what aquires protons
Bases
what gives up protons
Acids
What is the Stanley Miller’s Experiment?
An experiment where early earth was simulated with a solution of simple molecules, and it was trying to be seen whether complex macro molecules would result when kinetic energy(lighting) and simple molecules interacted in early earth.
Reactants in Stanley Miller’s Experiment
H2O, Methane, Ammonia, and CO2
Results of Stanley Miller’s Experiement
Amino Acid(gylicne), Formaldehyde, Hydrogen cyline
Relationship with earths early prebiotic chemistry and origin of complex molecules
an iron-rich asteroid would be enough to transiently reduce the entire prebiotic atmosphere, resulting in a Miller-Urey H2-,CH4-, and NH3-dominated atmosphere that persists for millions of years.”
What is Wogen Et AL model
A showplace of how an asteroid with an Iron core hitting earth would firstly result in the oceans evaportating , and H2 being generated, over a 1000 years , the steam cools and an ocean condenses, equilibration between H2, N2 and CO2 makes cH4 and NH3. And finally over, a course of million years photochemistry of N2 and CH4 photochemistry generates nitriles and H2 escapes to space.
How is the Wogen Et Al Model to the stanley miller experiment
It shows how the simple molecules used in the Stanley miller experiment could be present in early earth.
