Lecture 3

Question 1

chromosomes

Answer 1

large molecules of DNA containing a particular set of genes

Question 2

Cohesion Proteins

Answer 2

hold sister chromatids together after DNA (inner part centromere)

Question 3

Kinetochore Proteins

Answer 3

site of microtubule attachment during cell division (outer part centromere)

Question 4

Two types of proteins bind to centromere

Answer 4

Cohesion & Kinetochore

Question 5

Telomeres

Answer 5

repetitive sequences of DNA that protect & stabilize ends of chromosomes

Question 6

what happens to telomeres each time cell divides?

Answer 6

they get shorter until the cell can’t divide anymore

Question 7

Telomerase

Answer 7

enzyme that helps maintain telomere length

Question 8

What charge does DNA have?

Answer 8

negative

Question 9

What charge do histone proteins have?

Answer 9

positive

Question 10

Chromatin

Answer 10

chromosomal DNA associated with proteins

Question 11

Nucleosome

Answer 11

basic unit of chromatin (1st level of DNA compaction in eukaryotes)

Question 12

How is eukaryotic DNA compacted?

Answer 12

It wraps around histone proteins because of the positive/negative charge attraction

Question 13

Solenoids

Answer 13

2nd level of DNA compaction in eukaryotes

Question 14

Supercoils

Answer 14

3rd level of DNA compaction in eukaryotes

Question 15

147 bp of DNA

Answer 15

wraps around 8 histone proteins

Question 16

what are the three levels of DNA compaction in eukaryotes?

Answer 16

nucleosomes, solenoids, supercoils

Question 17

5 phases of cell cycle in eukaryotes

Answer 17

G1, S, G2, M, Cytokinesis

Question 18

interphase

Answer 18

G1, S, G2

Question 19

G1

Answer 19

first gap phase

Question 20

S

Answer 20

DNA synthesis (DNA replicates)

Question 21

G2

Answer 21

second gap phase

Question 22

M (mitosis/meiosis)

Answer 22

DNA segregated

Question 23

Cytokinesis

Answer 23

Cell divides