Lecture 3 Flashcards
What are the three main patterns of development?
Ametaboly, hemimetaboly, holometaboly
What is ametaboly?
Little change in body form except for sexual maturation
what is hemimetaboly?
Gradual change in body form with external wing buds getting larger at each molt
what is holometaboly?
An abrupt change from a wingless immature insect to winged adult stage via a pupa stage
What are the three parts of the cuticle?
Epicuticle, exocuticle, endocuticle
What does the cuticle do?
Prevents water loss, maintains homeostasis, strong exoskeleton
What do the cuticle and epidermis together form?
Integument
What is the epidermis
single layer of cells that secretes the cuticle
What are the four cuticular extension types
Multicellular spine, seta/sensillium/macrotichia, acanthae and microtrichia
What are the two ways that colour is produced by insects
Physical colors resulting from light scattering/diffraction, pigmentary colours due to absorption of visible light by chemicals
What functions do colours have for insects?
Sexual displays, defenses, protection from UV/heat
What are the 4 mouthparts
labrum, mandibles, hypopharynx, labium
What is the labrum
front lip to contain food
what is the mandible
pair of jaws for crushing/grinding, goes side to side
what is the hypopharynx?
tongue like process mixes food and saliva
what is the labium?
back lip, pair of appendages fused together
What are the 4 functions of antennae?
Chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors and hygroreceptors
What are the three components of the thorax?
prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax
What two components form the pterothorax in some insects?
mesothorax and metothorax
how many pairs of legs do insects have
3
What are the six segments of a leg
coxa, trochanter, femur , tibia, tarsus, tarsal claws
What is a tegmen
forewing modification, leathery front wing
What is elytra
hardened forewing
What are halteres
reduced hindwing, protected by calypters
What kind of flight do frilled wings produce
clap and cling flight
