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BIOC192 > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Proteins are composed of a specific sequence of what?

A

Amino acids

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2
Q

Protein sequences are joined by?

A

Peptide bonds

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3
Q

How many different amino acids are there?

A

20

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4
Q

Does each protein have a unique sequence of amino acids?

A

Yes, each sequence is related to its function

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5
Q

Why study the structure of proteins?

A

Understanding the biochemistry of life

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6
Q

How are atomic structures of proteins determined?

A

Protein crystallography
Electron cryo-microscopy
NMR spectroscopy

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7
Q

What are the three ways of depicting chemical structure?

A

Skeletal
Ball and stick
Space filling

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8
Q

What is an example of a cell signalling protein?

A

Insulin hormone

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9
Q

What is an example of a digestion protein?

A 
Trypsin, enzyme that breaks down proteins during digestion. Called Protease
Also Amylase (saliva)
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10
Q

What is the protein essential for HIV replication?

A

HIV protease

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11
Q

What are some examples of metabolic proteins?

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Hexokinase (phosphate to glucose)

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12
Q

What are kinases?

A

Enzymes that usually add phosphates to molecules

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13
Q

What is a protein that is essential for oxygen transport?

A

Hemoglobin

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14
Q

What is the purpose of amylase?

A

An enzyme that breaks down starch into sugars

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15
Q

What is insulin?

A

A hormone that binds to insulin receptor signal cells to take up glucose

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16
Q

What is an example of membrane proteins?

A

ATP Synthase

17
Q

What is an example of a protein responsible for immune protection?

A

An antibody

18
Q

What is an antibody?

A

A protein that binds to cellular invaders like bacteria and viruses to help protect the body from infection

19
Q

What are two proteins responsible for replication and maintenance?

A

DNA polymerase and RNA Polymerase

20
Q

What is the purpose of DNA polymerase?

A

binds one strand of DNA and adds the complementary strands to it

21
Q

What is the purpose of RNA polymerase?

A

creates a single strand of RNA that is complementary to one of the strands of DNA

BIOC192 (4 decks)

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