Lecture 3 Flashcards
What are the steps of the research process with aboriginal communities?
- Cultural education
- Talk to community, ACCH’s, your experience, read journals etc.
- Form research idea with consultation
- Design project with consultation
- Community and ACCHO approval
- Apply for Grant, Budget
- Apply for Ethics
- Community consultation and agreements
- Form steering committee
- Employ and train staff & interpreters
- Develop and trial research data collection tools/outcome measures
- Individual consent
- Fieldwork and data collection
- Statistical analyses
- Findings
- Disseminate results, embed in policy and practice
- Conduct in another region
What is the history of scientific research on aboriginal people like?
Over researched
Weary and mistrustful
History of research done ON rather than WITH community
What considerations should be made when working with aboriginal communities?
Is it a community priority & will it be of benefit?
Meet/consult Aboriginal councils/Elders, ACCHO’s, local services
Is it a realistic study? o Consult researched & health partners o Potential supervisors o Timeframe o Cost o Achievable
Has it already been done?
What are researcher obligations when working with aboriginal communities?
Learn about aboriginal culture
Seek ongoing cultural education opportunities
Attend local cultural festivals/workshops
Be an active, constant learner - Learn language, ask questions of aboriginal community members
Accept formal cultural guidance/feedback.
What are the principles of designing aboriginal research?
Centers aboriginal concerns and priorities in the research
Recognise aboriginal knowledge systems, world views, and experiences
Work with Aboriginal people in design & application of research process
Privilege Aboriginal voices in research
Is respectful & inclusive of Aboriginal participants in research
Includes Aboriginal people in all sections of research process: o Design o Collection & ownership of data o Interpretation of the findings o Representation in final reporting
How is ethics approval achieved when conducting research with aboriginal people?
Local Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service & community support
Western Australian Aboriginal Health Ethics Committee (WAAHEC)
UWA Human Research Ethics committee will approve if WAAHEC approval
What does spirit and integrity mean regarding the 6 specific values?
o Commitment to all values, shows there is relationship, understanding & commitment between researcher & Aboriginal community
What does reciprocity mean regarding the 6 specific values?
Giving back to the community - shows how research benefits the community and how results will be given back to the community.
What does respect mean regarding the 6 specific values?
o Proposal demonstrates understanding of diversity of Aboriginal community
o Demonstrates understanding of Aboriginal processes & protocols in engaging with community
What does equity mean regarding the 6 specific values?
o Shows how people will be included in research process equally
o Provides evidence that community have been included in discussions about research & have contributed to design and processes
What does cultural continuity mean regarding the 6 specific values?
o Demonstrates culturally safe & secure language in proposal
o Respect community decisions on how research should be conducted
What does responsibility mean regarding the 6 specific values?
o Demonstrates transparency in exchange of ideas & outcomes and/or benefits to community
o Demonstrates the researchers responsibility in how they will recruit and engage w/participants & their commitments to do no harm
What are the considerations when working with the elders governance group ?
Provide meaningful input to research project
From beginning of research project
Criteria for membership is usually based on skills, experience, expertise & knowledge
Terms of reference guiding how the group will operate is usually developed after group established
Payment – include in budget
Transport & meal
How can more aboriginal researchers be employed?
Consult with community council
Advertise
Set aside good amount of time for training
Make professional development and future employment opportunities available
Supervision and support
Mentorship
How can individual informed consent be achieved?
- Individual informed consent required
o Take place in environment that is familiar & comfortable to participant
o Person asking for consent be of same cultural background as participant and/or fluent in their language
o Person deemed to be trustworthy to the participant
o Consent document written in language that is easy to understand and is presented in participants language, use pictures, flipcharts, diagrams etc. - Informed consent is ongoing – can be retracted at any time during
When should interpreters be used for communication with aboriginal communities?
- Aboriginal Interpreting WA
- Essential for research w/older people in/from remote Aboriginal communities
- Important for community development
- Contact local interpreter service
- Can they pay interpreters a good wage?
- May have to locate potential interpreters direct them to interpreter service to get trained officially
o Training on confidentiality & health terms
o Training specific to research project
What is mooditj Wirrin?
Good spirit good life. Belief that the spirit is related to health and quality of life.
Empowerment and self determination
Family and community
Balance
Country - spending time on Country has restorative impact on spiritual, social & emotional wellbeing
o Accessing country may be difficult for those living “off country” – being able to yarn about country or be outside in nature important to enhancing QoL
Culture and identity - feeling connected to culture and sharing cultural activities having opportunity to reconnect with family and speak/teach language. Being able to participate in other cultural activities and community events is important to have a good life.
Study results:
- Factors associated with GSGL (having good life)
o Resilience
o Low anxiety - EQ5D – mobility, self-care, anxiety, pain, activities
o Weak negative correlation w/GSGL Spearman’s
o Not holistic, defecit focused, may add different information - ICECAP-O – friendship, future, value, enjoyment, independence
o Strong positive correlation
o Feedback that ICEPCAP-O questions were unusually worded - Quality of Life domains:
o Sig difference in GSGL item scores
o “country” item has lowest mean score
What is the GSGL tool useful for?
- GSGL tool is valid for measuring QoL in older Aboriginal Australians
- Connection to country needs are not being sufficiently met by service providers
- Improving spirit in older Aboriginal Australians through 12 interconnected factors may:
o Build resilience
o Reduce anxiety & depression
How can continual community feedback and knowledge be achieved?
- At each stage findings need to be discussed w/community council, participants & interested community members
- Work on appropriate messaging together (co-design)
- Copy of papers given to community council, Elders group
How should a policy brief be made more convincing for policy changes?
- Focus on one defined problem/issue
- Aim to convince policy makers that problem is urgent & proposed action or policy alternative is necessary
- Be strategic, line up w/policy directions, economic costs/gains
- Professional plain language
- Focus on evidence-based, feasible solutions (not research methodology)
o Start w/conclusion, end with results/findings
