lecture 29 - sexual reproduction

Question 1

what is sexual reproduction?

Answer 1

two parents produce offspring

Question 2

define karyotype

Answer 2

display of chromosomes arranged in pairs by size and banding pattern

Question 3

why can only diploid cells undergo meiosis?

Answer 3

haploid cells lack paired homologous chromosomes needed for reduction

Question 4

what happens if gametes were diploid instead of haploid?

Answer 4

the chromosome number would double (92 chromosomes)

Question 5

how many chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 5

46 chromosomes

Question 6

how many chromosomes do haploid cells have?

Answer 6

23 chromosomes (n)

Question 7

how many chromosomes do diploid cells have?

Answer 7

46 chromosomes (2n)

Question 8

what is a zygote?

Answer 8

when sperm and egg fuse during fertilization, they form a zygote with 46 chromosomes (2n)

Question 9

how many chromosomes do zygotes have?

Answer 9

46 chromosomes

Question 10

what is the purpose of meiosis?

Answer 10

reduce the chromosome number by half

Question 11

is sporophyte a haploid or diploid?

Answer 11

diploid stage

Question 12

what does sporophyte produce?

Answer 12

haploid spores (cells with only one set of chromosomes, n)

Question 13

is gametophyte a haploid or diploid?

Answer 13

haploid stage

Question 14

what do gametophyte produce?

Answer 14

sperm and egg cells (gametes)

Question 15

what process does sporophyte go through?

Answer 15

meiosis

Question 16

what process does gametophyte go through?

Answer 16

mitosis

Question 17

are spores haploid or diploid?

Answer 17

haploid

Question 18

at which stage in mitosis are cells arrested to create a karyotype?

Answer 18

metaphase

Question 19

what are non-sex chromosomes called?

Answer 19

autosomes

Question 20

true or false - autosomes are involved in determining sex

Answer 20

false

Question 21

are gametes haploid or diploid?

Answer 21

haploid

Question 22

how many chromosomes are in somatic cells?

Answer 22

46 chromosomes

Question 23

why does meiosis produce genetically diverse cells?

Answer 23

crossing over and independent assortment

Question 24

what type of reproduction requires meoisis?

Answer 24

sexual reproduction

Question 25

true or false - sporophyte refers to the diploid stage in plants

Answer 25

true

Question 26

true or false - gametophyte is the haploid stage in plants

Answer 26

true